填空题

The value of childhood is easily blurred in today’s world. Consider some recent developments: the child-murderers in the Jonesboro, Ark. schoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentenced. Two boys, 7 and 8, were charged in the murder of an 11-year-old girl in Chicago.
Children who commit horrible crimes appear to act of their own will. Yet, as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed, the one boy who was able to address the court couldn’t begin to explain his acts, though he tried to apologize. There may have been a motive—youthful jealousy and resentment. But a deeper question remains: why did these boys and others in similar trouble apparently lack any inner, moral restraint
That question echoes for the accused in Chicago, young as they are. They wanted the girl’s bicycle, a selfish impulse common enough among kids.
Redemption is a practical necessity. How can value be restored to young lives distorted by acts of violence The boys in Jonesboro and in Chicago will be confined in institutions for a relatively short time. Despite horror at what was done, children are not—cannot be—dealt with as adults, not if a people wants to consider itself civilized. That’s why politicians’ cries for adult treatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point.
But the moral void that invites violence has many sources. Family instability contributes. So does economic stress. That void, however, can be filled. The work starts with parents, who have to ask themselves whether they’re doing enough to give their children a firm sense of right and wrong. Are they really monitoring their activities and their developing processes of thought
Schools, too, have a role in building character. So do youth organizations. So do law enforcement agencies, which can do more to inform the young about laws, their meaning, and their observance.
The goal, ultimately, is to allow all children a normal passage from childhood to adulthood, so that tragic gaps in moral judgment are less likely to occur. The relative few who fill such gaps with acts of violence hint at many others who don’t go that far, but who lack the moral foundations childhood should provide—and which progressive human society relies on.What does human society depend on to make progress according to the author

答案: The moral foundations.
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The value of childhood is easily blurred in today’s world. Consider some recent developments: the child-murderers in the Jonesboro, Ark. schoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentenced. Two boys, 7 and 8, were charged in the murder of an 11-year-old girl in Chicago.
Children who commit horrible crimes appear to act of their own will. Yet, as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed, the one boy who was able to address the court couldn’t begin to explain his acts, though he tried to apologize. There may have been a motive—youthful jealousy and resentment. But a deeper question remains: why did these boys and others in similar trouble apparently lack any inner, moral restraint
That question echoes for the accused in Chicago, young as they are. They wanted the girl’s bicycle, a selfish impulse common enough among kids.
Redemption is a practical necessity. How can value be restored to young lives distorted by acts of violence The boys in Jonesboro and in Chicago will be confined in institutions for a relatively short time. Despite horror at what was done, children are not—cannot be—dealt with as adults, not if a people wants to consider itself civilized. That’s why politicians’ cries for adult treatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point.
But the moral void that invites violence has many sources. Family instability contributes. So does economic stress. That void, however, can be filled. The work starts with parents, who have to ask themselves whether they’re doing enough to give their children a firm sense of right and wrong. Are they really monitoring their activities and their developing processes of thought
Schools, too, have a role in building character. So do youth organizations. So do law enforcement agencies, which can do more to inform the young about laws, their meaning, and their observance.
The goal, ultimately, is to allow all children a normal passage from childhood to adulthood, so that tragic gaps in moral judgment are less likely to occur. The relative few who fill such gaps with acts of violence hint at many others who don’t go that far, but who lack the moral foundations childhood should provide—and which progressive human society relies on.Obviously, the boys in Jonesboro and Chicago do not have any ______.

答案: inner moral restraint
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In our system of education today, examinations are a common feature. Our present education system has often been criticized as too examination-oriented. However, one must remember that in offices and other areas of work, examinations still feature clearly. There is no doubt that the fear and influence of examinations cause much preparation work. So it appears that examinations, whether considered good or bad, would stay for a while as a test of human knowledge.
Examinations are meant to test the intellect of a person, how much he knows or how he has learnt from a particular course. It is designed to make students study, which should be their immediate mission in life. In our competitive world of today, examinations have a highly selecting or filtering role. In the university, students have to pass annual examinations before they are allowed to continue, or study a harder syllabus. The examination results would show whether the student is ready to start the next phase of his course. Moreover, for entrance into a university, pre-university examination results would provide a guide as to whether a student has the minimum qualifications necessary. This is because the number of seats in the university is limited and only deserving, hard-working students should be given a place.
In offices, whether government or private ones, examination results show clearly whether a person is fit for promotion. The results indicate how much he knows about the work.
In our schools, examinations play several roles. Yearly school examinations help to grade students into different classes. Government examinations help to stream students into different classes so that they can pursue a specific line of study.
In all these cases, examinations inculcate (反复灌输) a spirit of hard-work and competition. Students or office workers can refresh their mind again and again on what they have learnt. This maintains a certain individual and overall standard of knowledge.According to the author, examinations work as ______.

答案: a test of human knowledge
填空题

The value of childhood is easily blurred in today’s world. Consider some recent developments: the child-murderers in the Jonesboro, Ark. schoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentenced. Two boys, 7 and 8, were charged in the murder of an 11-year-old girl in Chicago.
Children who commit horrible crimes appear to act of their own will. Yet, as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed, the one boy who was able to address the court couldn’t begin to explain his acts, though he tried to apologize. There may have been a motive—youthful jealousy and resentment. But a deeper question remains: why did these boys and others in similar trouble apparently lack any inner, moral restraint
That question echoes for the accused in Chicago, young as they are. They wanted the girl’s bicycle, a selfish impulse common enough among kids.
Redemption is a practical necessity. How can value be restored to young lives distorted by acts of violence The boys in Jonesboro and in Chicago will be confined in institutions for a relatively short time. Despite horror at what was done, children are not—cannot be—dealt with as adults, not if a people wants to consider itself civilized. That’s why politicians’ cries for adult treatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point.
But the moral void that invites violence has many sources. Family instability contributes. So does economic stress. That void, however, can be filled. The work starts with parents, who have to ask themselves whether they’re doing enough to give their children a firm sense of right and wrong. Are they really monitoring their activities and their developing processes of thought
Schools, too, have a role in building character. So do youth organizations. So do law enforcement agencies, which can do more to inform the young about laws, their meaning, and their observance.
The goal, ultimately, is to allow all children a normal passage from childhood to adulthood, so that tragic gaps in moral judgment are less likely to occur. The relative few who fill such gaps with acts of violence hint at many others who don’t go that far, but who lack the moral foundations childhood should provide—and which progressive human society relies on.According to politicians, when children commit crimes, they should be treated in the same way as ______.

答案: adults
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In our system of education today, examinations are a common feature. Our present education system has often been criticized as too examination-oriented. However, one must remember that in offices and other areas of work, examinations still feature clearly. There is no doubt that the fear and influence of examinations cause much preparation work. So it appears that examinations, whether considered good or bad, would stay for a while as a test of human knowledge.
Examinations are meant to test the intellect of a person, how much he knows or how he has learnt from a particular course. It is designed to make students study, which should be their immediate mission in life. In our competitive world of today, examinations have a highly selecting or filtering role. In the university, students have to pass annual examinations before they are allowed to continue, or study a harder syllabus. The examination results would show whether the student is ready to start the next phase of his course. Moreover, for entrance into a university, pre-university examination results would provide a guide as to whether a student has the minimum qualifications necessary. This is because the number of seats in the university is limited and only deserving, hard-working students should be given a place.
In offices, whether government or private ones, examination results show clearly whether a person is fit for promotion. The results indicate how much he knows about the work.
In our schools, examinations play several roles. Yearly school examinations help to grade students into different classes. Government examinations help to stream students into different classes so that they can pursue a specific line of study.
In all these cases, examinations inculcate (反复灌输) a spirit of hard-work and competition. Students or office workers can refresh their mind again and again on what they have learnt. This maintains a certain individual and overall standard of knowledge.Students’ immediate mission in life is ______.

答案: to study
填空题

The value of childhood is easily blurred in today’s world. Consider some recent developments: the child-murderers in the Jonesboro, Ark. schoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentenced. Two boys, 7 and 8, were charged in the murder of an 11-year-old girl in Chicago.
Children who commit horrible crimes appear to act of their own will. Yet, as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed, the one boy who was able to address the court couldn’t begin to explain his acts, though he tried to apologize. There may have been a motive—youthful jealousy and resentment. But a deeper question remains: why did these boys and others in similar trouble apparently lack any inner, moral restraint
That question echoes for the accused in Chicago, young as they are. They wanted the girl’s bicycle, a selfish impulse common enough among kids.
Redemption is a practical necessity. How can value be restored to young lives distorted by acts of violence The boys in Jonesboro and in Chicago will be confined in institutions for a relatively short time. Despite horror at what was done, children are not—cannot be—dealt with as adults, not if a people wants to consider itself civilized. That’s why politicians’ cries for adult treatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point.
But the moral void that invites violence has many sources. Family instability contributes. So does economic stress. That void, however, can be filled. The work starts with parents, who have to ask themselves whether they’re doing enough to give their children a firm sense of right and wrong. Are they really monitoring their activities and their developing processes of thought
Schools, too, have a role in building character. So do youth organizations. So do law enforcement agencies, which can do more to inform the young about laws, their meaning, and their observance.
The goal, ultimately, is to allow all children a normal passage from childhood to adulthood, so that tragic gaps in moral judgment are less likely to occur. The relative few who fill such gaps with acts of violence hint at many others who don’t go that far, but who lack the moral foundations childhood should provide—and which progressive human society relies on.What does the writer cite as the sources of moral void

答案: Family instability and economic stress.
填空题

In our system of education today, examinations are a common feature. Our present education system has often been criticized as too examination-oriented. However, one must remember that in offices and other areas of work, examinations still feature clearly. There is no doubt that the fear and influence of examinations cause much preparation work. So it appears that examinations, whether considered good or bad, would stay for a while as a test of human knowledge.
Examinations are meant to test the intellect of a person, how much he knows or how he has learnt from a particular course. It is designed to make students study, which should be their immediate mission in life. In our competitive world of today, examinations have a highly selecting or filtering role. In the university, students have to pass annual examinations before they are allowed to continue, or study a harder syllabus. The examination results would show whether the student is ready to start the next phase of his course. Moreover, for entrance into a university, pre-university examination results would provide a guide as to whether a student has the minimum qualifications necessary. This is because the number of seats in the university is limited and only deserving, hard-working students should be given a place.
In offices, whether government or private ones, examination results show clearly whether a person is fit for promotion. The results indicate how much he knows about the work.
In our schools, examinations play several roles. Yearly school examinations help to grade students into different classes. Government examinations help to stream students into different classes so that they can pursue a specific line of study.
In all these cases, examinations inculcate (反复灌输) a spirit of hard-work and competition. Students or office workers can refresh their mind again and again on what they have learnt. This maintains a certain individual and overall standard of knowledge.How do we know a student is ready to start the next phase of his course

答案: By looking at his examination results.
填空题

In our system of education today, examinations are a common feature. Our present education system has often been criticized as too examination-oriented. However, one must remember that in offices and other areas of work, examinations still feature clearly. There is no doubt that the fear and influence of examinations cause much preparation work. So it appears that examinations, whether considered good or bad, would stay for a while as a test of human knowledge.
Examinations are meant to test the intellect of a person, how much he knows or how he has learnt from a particular course. It is designed to make students study, which should be their immediate mission in life. In our competitive world of today, examinations have a highly selecting or filtering role. In the university, students have to pass annual examinations before they are allowed to continue, or study a harder syllabus. The examination results would show whether the student is ready to start the next phase of his course. Moreover, for entrance into a university, pre-university examination results would provide a guide as to whether a student has the minimum qualifications necessary. This is because the number of seats in the university is limited and only deserving, hard-working students should be given a place.
In offices, whether government or private ones, examination results show clearly whether a person is fit for promotion. The results indicate how much he knows about the work.
In our schools, examinations play several roles. Yearly school examinations help to grade students into different classes. Government examinations help to stream students into different classes so that they can pursue a specific line of study.
In all these cases, examinations inculcate (反复灌输) a spirit of hard-work and competition. Students or office workers can refresh their mind again and again on what they have learnt. This maintains a certain individual and overall standard of knowledge.The pre-university examination is necessary because ______.

答案: the number of seats in the university is limited
填空题

The value of childhood is easily blurred in today’s world. Consider some recent developments: the child-murderers in the Jonesboro, Ark. schoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentenced. Two boys, 7 and 8, were charged in the murder of an 11-year-old girl in Chicago.
Children who commit horrible crimes appear to act of their own will. Yet, as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed, the one boy who was able to address the court couldn’t begin to explain his acts, though he tried to apologize. There may have been a motive—youthful jealousy and resentment. But a deeper question remains: why did these boys and others in similar trouble apparently lack any inner, moral restraint
That question echoes for the accused in Chicago, young as they are. They wanted the girl’s bicycle, a selfish impulse common enough among kids.
Redemption is a practical necessity. How can value be restored to young lives distorted by acts of violence The boys in Jonesboro and in Chicago will be confined in institutions for a relatively short time. Despite horror at what was done, children are not—cannot be—dealt with as adults, not if a people wants to consider itself civilized. That’s why politicians’ cries for adult treatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point.
But the moral void that invites violence has many sources. Family instability contributes. So does economic stress. That void, however, can be filled. The work starts with parents, who have to ask themselves whether they’re doing enough to give their children a firm sense of right and wrong. Are they really monitoring their activities and their developing processes of thought
Schools, too, have a role in building character. So do youth organizations. So do law enforcement agencies, which can do more to inform the young about laws, their meaning, and their observance.
The goal, ultimately, is to allow all children a normal passage from childhood to adulthood, so that tragic gaps in moral judgment are less likely to occur. The relative few who fill such gaps with acts of violence hint at many others who don’t go that far, but who lack the moral foundations childhood should provide—and which progressive human society relies on.To strengthen moral instruction, parents should fix into their children’s mind a sense of ______.

答案: right and wrong
填空题

The value of childhood is easily blurred in today’s world. Consider some recent developments: the child-murderers in the Jonesboro, Ark. schoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentenced. Two boys, 7 and 8, were charged in the murder of an 11-year-old girl in Chicago.
Children who commit horrible crimes appear to act of their own will. Yet, as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed, the one boy who was able to address the court couldn’t begin to explain his acts, though he tried to apologize. There may have been a motive—youthful jealousy and resentment. But a deeper question remains: why did these boys and others in similar trouble apparently lack any inner, moral restraint
That question echoes for the accused in Chicago, young as they are. They wanted the girl’s bicycle, a selfish impulse common enough among kids.
Redemption is a practical necessity. How can value be restored to young lives distorted by acts of violence The boys in Jonesboro and in Chicago will be confined in institutions for a relatively short time. Despite horror at what was done, children are not—cannot be—dealt with as adults, not if a people wants to consider itself civilized. That’s why politicians’ cries for adult treatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point.
But the moral void that invites violence has many sources. Family instability contributes. So does economic stress. That void, however, can be filled. The work starts with parents, who have to ask themselves whether they’re doing enough to give their children a firm sense of right and wrong. Are they really monitoring their activities and their developing processes of thought
Schools, too, have a role in building character. So do youth organizations. So do law enforcement agencies, which can do more to inform the young about laws, their meaning, and their observance.
The goal, ultimately, is to allow all children a normal passage from childhood to adulthood, so that tragic gaps in moral judgment are less likely to occur. The relative few who fill such gaps with acts of violence hint at many others who don’t go that far, but who lack the moral foundations childhood should provide—and which progressive human society relies on.What does human society depend on to make progress according to the author

答案: The moral foundations.
填空题

In our system of education today, examinations are a common feature. Our present education system has often been criticized as too examination-oriented. However, one must remember that in offices and other areas of work, examinations still feature clearly. There is no doubt that the fear and influence of examinations cause much preparation work. So it appears that examinations, whether considered good or bad, would stay for a while as a test of human knowledge.
Examinations are meant to test the intellect of a person, how much he knows or how he has learnt from a particular course. It is designed to make students study, which should be their immediate mission in life. In our competitive world of today, examinations have a highly selecting or filtering role. In the university, students have to pass annual examinations before they are allowed to continue, or study a harder syllabus. The examination results would show whether the student is ready to start the next phase of his course. Moreover, for entrance into a university, pre-university examination results would provide a guide as to whether a student has the minimum qualifications necessary. This is because the number of seats in the university is limited and only deserving, hard-working students should be given a place.
In offices, whether government or private ones, examination results show clearly whether a person is fit for promotion. The results indicate how much he knows about the work.
In our schools, examinations play several roles. Yearly school examinations help to grade students into different classes. Government examinations help to stream students into different classes so that they can pursue a specific line of study.
In all these cases, examinations inculcate (反复灌输) a spirit of hard-work and competition. Students or office workers can refresh their mind again and again on what they have learnt. This maintains a certain individual and overall standard of knowledge.Besides helping people to refresh their mind on what have been learnt, examinations can also inculcate a spirit of ______.

答案: hard work and competition
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