A．Pennsylvania.
B．Boston.
C．San Francisco.
D．China.
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C．They wanted to have fun.
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A．within 16 months
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| For years there have been endless
articles stating that scientists are on the verge of achieving artificial
intelligence, that it is just around the corner. The truth is that it may be
just around the corner, but they haven’t yet found the right clock. Artificial intelligence aims to build machines that can think. One immediate problem is to define thought, which is harder than you might think. The specialists in the field of artificial intelligence complain, with some justification, that anything that their machines do is dismissed as not being thought. For example, computers can now play very, very good chess. They can’t beat the greatest players in the world, but they can beat just about anybody else. If a human being played chess at this level, he or she would certainly be considered smart. Why not a machine The answer is that the machine doesn’t do anything clever in playing chess. It uses its blinding speed to do a brute-force search of all possible moves for several moves ahead, evaluates the outcomes and picks the best. Humans don’t play chess that way. They see patterns, which computers don’t. This wooden approach to thought characterizes machine intelligence. Computers have no judgment, no flexibility, no common sense. So-called expert systems, one of the hottest areas in artificial intelligence, aim to mimic the reasoning processes of human experts in a limited field, such as medical diagnosis or weather forecasting. There may be limited commercial applications for this sort of thing, but there is no way to make a machine think about anything under the sun, which a teenager can do. The hallmark of artificial intelligence to date is that if a problem is severely restricted, a machine can achieve limited success. But when the problem is expanded to a realistic one, computers fall flat on their display screens. For example, machines can understand a few words spoken individually by a speaker that they have been trained to hear. They cannot understand continuous speech using an unlimited vocabulary spoken by just any speaker. |
A．the writer thinks that the specialists’ complaints have some reasons
B．anything that the computer does can be regarded as thought
C．it is not very difficult to define thought
D．computers play chess in exactly the same way as humans
| An elderly carpenter was ready to
retire. He told his employer of his plans to (26) the
house-building business to live a more (27) life with his
wife and enjoy his (28) family. He would miss the paycheck
(工资) each week, but he wanted to retire. They could (29) The
employer was (30) to see his good worker go and asked if he
could build just one more house as a personal favor. The carpenter said yes,
(31) over time it was easy to see that his heart was not in his
work. He used bad workmanship and (32) materials. It was an
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A．leisurely
B．lonely
C．orderly
D．friendly
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B．At least half a year.
C．Two years or more.
D．Two to four months.
Part A
You will hear 10 short dialogues. For each dialogue, there is one question and four possible answers. Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D, and mark it in your test booklet. You will have 15 seconds to answer the question and you will hear each dialogue ONLY ONCE.
A．Father and daughter.
B．Husband and wife.
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D．Teacher and doctor.
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B．It has the best food and music.
C．It has less traffic.
D．It is advanced.
A．The woman has a natural for art.
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