单项选择题

Mother’s Day is one of the national holidays in the United States. It is observed on the second Sunday in May. It is a day set aside for the purpose of honoring mothers. On that day mothers are usually given flowers and cards to celebrate the occasion. Children usually write "To the best mother in the world", "Thinking of you on Mother’s Day", or "Thanks, Mom!" and so on on the cards. It is a common practice for sons and daughters to wear a pink carnation if their mothers are still living and white if they are dead.
Where does the idea for the holiday come from We should give credit to Miss Anna Jarvis, a native of West Virginia. Her mother died in Philadelphia on May 9, 1905. And on the first anniversary of her mother’s death she invited some friends to an informal memorial meeting. Again in 1907 a church service was held on her mother’s death anniversary. Because of her efforts, Philadelphia observed the first Mother’s Day on May 10, 1908. After that she began to write countless letters to very important persons and went to see many public men in order to plead for the observance of the day. Thanks to her painstaking efforts, the state of Pennsylvania made it a state holiday in May, 1913, and in the same year the United States Congress recommended that the second Sunday in May be made a national holiday honoring motherhood. The holiday was officially proclaimed by President Wilson, and the American people have observed Mother’s Day ever since.

What day is Mother’s Day().

A. The second Saturday in May.
B. The second Sunday in May.
C. The first Sunday in May.
D. The first Saturday in May.


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你可能感兴趣的试题

1.判断题

For me there has been only one Valentine’s Day worthy of the name. It vas when I was nine years old. And no Valentine’s Day since has even come close to measuring up.
Her image had never left my mind,and sometime at about Valentine’s Day last year,the idea got stuck in my head: I needed to find Lori Lee.
In 1972, for two years I have been in love with Lori Lee, an angelic creature who lives across the street. Our walk home from the bus stop each day is the highlight of my young life.
The situation is complicated. First, Lori’s older brother,Ted, happens to be my best friend. Second, I am grotesquely bashful in Lori’s presence. In the company of friends I am a sparkling wit. With Loft, I communicate chiefly in grunts. And although she is always sweet to me,Lori’s heart does not appear to pound to the same desperate rhythm as my own.
The whole thing comes to a head on Valentine’s Day. In class,children pass out cards and I get a generic "Be Mine!" from Lori and the other 26 pupils.
On the walk home from the bus stop that day, however, Lori says, "I have something for you." I go numb. She pulls an oversized red envelope from her school bag, presses it into my hand and takes off running.
I rush to my bedroom, carefully open the envelope and find the most beautiful handmade card of red poster paper, with a big white doily, shiny stars and all sorts of hearts. Inside, Lori has spelt out "I love you" in glue and covered the perfect cursive letters with glitter. After reading it 30 or 40 times, I hid the card under my socks.
Lori and I might be married now for all I know — if not for one extenuating factor: my elder brother, Mike, who was 11-year-old. Pawing through the drawer the evening, he stumbled upon the envelope. He foolishly showed Lori’s card to Ted and some other children in the neighborhood. The commotion that ensued mortified Lori and me, and pretty much crushed any major developments in this early love.
Then my father announced that we would be moving to Alaska. It seemed a rather severe place to be exiled from the summery smile of Lori Lee. I suggested that I stay behind and live in an orphanage. But in the end, there was little I could do.
At school, Miss Lochhart organized goodbye party. All I could do was stare at Lori — who, for the first time since Valentine’s Day, stared back at me with great, liquid eyes.
On the bus, Lori sat next to me and clasped my hand the entire way home. At my door, I searched for words to describe the terrific bursting in my chest.
"Well", I finally managed, "bye."
She kissed me on the cheek and darted across the street. Just like that, she was gone.

From last Valentine’s Day on, Lori Lee’s image had never left my mind.
2.单项选择题

Since the first reported case of AIDS in the United States in 1981, the disease has spread both numerically and geographically. According to the World Health Organization, 28 million people in the world already carry the AIDS virus. What is most alarming is that the disease is not only found in homosexuals, prostitutes or drug abusers, but also in innocent people, including children. In some countries in Africa, the situation is very serious indeed.
The AIDS virus, now known as HIV, passes from mother to child in uterus, during birth, and possibly through breast-feeding. Because of the high HIV-positive rates among pregnant African women, the AIDS epidemic among children will only grow worse. In Kinshasa, Zaire, for example, eight percent of the pregnant women in a prenatal clinic tested HIV-positive.
As many as half the children born to HIV-positive mothers will themselves be infected. Right now in some parts of Africa, five percent of new-borns are HIV-positive, and one-half to two-thirds of those will develop AIDS within two years. In Rwanda, for example, 22 percent of AIDS victims are children. And this year 6,000 Zambian children will be treated for AIDS. Thus AIDS endangers not only this generation of Africans, but the next as well.
Besides mother-to-child, AIDS is transmitted to innocent victims in another way. A European doctor in Zambia told this story: Robbers broke into the home of a family and, before escaping with the family’s valuables, shot the two daughters. In saving the young women’s lives, doctors gave them blood transfusions. The blood, however, contained the AIDS virus. Now one of the sisters has AIDS and is dying, and the other is HIV-positive. It has been estimated that over 10 percent of Africans who are HIV-positive are believed to have received the virus through infected blood. In Central Africa that could mean over half a million people.
AIDS infects health care workers, too. The Center for Disease Control (CDC) not long ago reported three AIDS infections in health workers, whose skin was exposed to the blood of AIDS patients and have become infected with the AIDS virus. They stressed that there is no evidence that the AIDS virus can pass through intact skin or spread by casual contact. While they do not know the exact route of transmission, CDC officials said that in these three cases the virus may have passed through chapped or inflamed areas of unprotected skin.

"AIDS has spread both numerically and geographically." What does the statement mean().

A. The disease has spread to many countries in the world.
B. The disease has spread to large numbers of people.
C. The disease has spread very fast in Africa.
D. The disease has spread in number and from place to place.

3.填空题

There’s no doubt that the computer has enlarged man’s working capacity as well as his intellectual capacity enormously. Er … but it brings with it dangers to match the benefits. Now by this, I mean danger to physical and mental well being of the people who work at computer terminals, not the dangers to personal privacy or national or industrial security.
There’s one very alarming set of statistics, which come from a survey done in the UK on 800 pregnant women, who happened to use computer terminals for a major part of their working day. In no less than 36% of the subjects there was some severe abnormality during the pregnancy, enough to make a termination necessary. Now these figures compare significantly with a control group of pregnant women of the same age but who did not work with computer terminals. The incidence of severe abnormalities in their case was only 16%. This survey confirms similar investigations carried out in Denmark, Canada, Australia and the USA. Now, no one yet has a clear idea about the exact connection between working with computer terminals and the problems with pregnancy, but the figures at least suggest that there’s, well, a cause for alarm.
In more general terms, increased stress and disturbances to vision have been noted in workers exposed for long periods to the video screen, and in many countries trade unions of workers involved with computers have laid down their own guidelines to protect members’ health. For instance, rest periods, or a change of activity from time to time are recommended, and the terminal should be placed so that there’s a source of natural light, and something else to look at, no blank walls behind the terminal, in other words, so that the operator has a chance to rest his eyes from time to time.
Ironically, it seems that it’s not only those who work with computers are at risk. Er … there’s perhaps more danger for people who use computers for interest or pleasure in their own homes. Now, it’s obviously not possible to impose in the privacy of people’s homes the sort of safeguards that can be applied in the working environment. Most people get so fascinated by what they are doing that they stay in front of the screen for hours on end; some are real fanatics!
But they’re also using their computers in environment, which are not specially designed. Er … they may be dusty or hot, and not particularly well — lit on the whole.
An English magazine for computer enthusiasts recently ran its own survey. The readers were invited. To send in an account of any health problems they felt were connected with the use of their computers. Interestingly, a long list emerged of complaints both serious and less serious, ranging from constipation because of the long hours spent in sedentary inactivity, and backache due to crouching over an inconveniently positioned keyboard, erm, right through to a general sense of fatigue owing to having puzzled over a problem for longer than was sensible.
The visual disturbances mentioned above were also very common. Some readers who already suffered from short sight found that the condition had worsened, and a rare complaint, but still one suffered by a significant number,was an itching of the face,which in some cases attracting dust from the atmosphere,which irritates exposed skin. And …this is an example of a complaint which is rare in the work situation because there is usually some form of air—conditioning,and quite simply not SO much dust and fluff in the air as in a normal home.
Precautions for both types of terminal users remain essentially the same:So,first of all, make sure that there’s an alternative source of light from that of the screen itself. Secondly,rest your eyes frequently,if possible looking at something in the distance to give them a change from the close focus used on the screen. Thirdly, make sure the screen is properly tuned; a shaky or fuzzy image can cause nausea or headaches. Fourthly, make sure your seat and working area are designed so that you’re sitting in a comfortable position,not er …screwed up or bent over. And finally, get up regularly and walk about the room. Better still,go out into the flesh air occasionally. Sitting still for hours on end is the best way to legs being particularly good for the digestion.
These are all common—sense precautions, but how many home—computer owners wrapped up in the intricacies of some programming problem, or fascinated by some game,are going to remember to use their common sense Does a generation of short—sighted, constipated, hunched, migraine sufferers with skin problems and circulatory troubles await us

The severe abnormalities of pregnant women who work with computer terminals
is () higher than those of pregnant women who don’t work with computer terminals.

4.填空题

Only one ship has been proudly called "unsinkable" and on its maiden voyage it sank. At 2:20 in the morning of April 15, 1912 Titanic went down in the northwest Atlantic, taking with it 1513 of the 2, 224 people on board. It was a sea disaster without equal, not so much because of the appalling death toll, but because it seemed to pass a damning comment on the ability and aspirations of man. The British ship was the newest and most luxurious ship in the world, nearly 275 meters long, 11 decks high, and a marvel of technology and science. Yet a 10-second scrape against the submerged shelf of a drifting iceberg turned all this achievement into mockery.
When the White Star Line’s Titanic sailed from Southampton on April 10 bound for New York, its passenger list included many millionaires and members of British and American fashionable Society, all bent on enjoying a carefree week’s voyage on the latest miracle of the sea. Far below, on levels ignored by the first-class passengers and in conditions far less privileged, hundreds of emigrants were crossing the Atlantic to a new life in a new land.
The first days were uneventful, but on the fourth day the radio operator began receiving alarming messages from ships ahead. Icebergs were drifting unusually far south. Throughout Sunday April 14, in the gaps between the innumerable personal cables sent out by the first-class passengers, the messages continued to come in. The first was forgotten about for several hours. Two later messages never arrived at the bridge. By early evening the air temperature fell sharply but despite this indication that ice was in the vicinity the Titanic never changed its direction nor reduced its speed even slightly.
As night fell, Captain Edward Smith posted lookouts to watch for ice and at 11:40 pm the crow’s-nest lookout caught a glimpse of an iceberg ahead. The officer on the bridge ordered the Titanic to turn hard to starboard. It was too late — the ice cut a 90-metre-slice along the plates of the ship’s hull. Ironically, if the ship had continued on course and collided with the ice head-on it might well have emerged from the encounter scarcely damaged.
Most passengers, aware only of a faint jarring sensation, thought no more about it. But to the engineers anxiously examining the damage it was clear the ship was doomed. The "unsinkable" could keep afloat if four of its 16 watertight compartments were flooded but the iceberg had sliced the walls of five. Already third-class passengers had awoken to find the floor of their cabins awash. The radio operator sent out the new SOS call — the first time it had been used by a ship in distress — and at 12:05 the order was given to launch the lifeboats.
Unknown to the passengers the lifeboats held no more than 1,178 people, half the number of people on board — and even this was generous by the legal requirements of the day. At first there was no panic. Passengers simply refused to believe the ship could be in danger — after all, it was the "unsinkable". Only when it began to list alarmingly did they lose their complacency. Women and children were given priority and husbands and fathers said farewell to their weeping families. There were also shameful displays of selfishness by people who thought only of themselves. Number One lifeboat, with a capacity of 40, was lowered with only 12 people in it — Sir Costmo and Lady Duff Gordon, her secretary, two Americans, six stokers, and one of the ice lookout men. First-class passengers were looked after in preference to those of other classes.
Only four women from the first class died,three of them by choice because they preferred to remain with their husbands. But of the 272 women in second and third class only 96 survived—— and for a time the doors leading down to the third—class levels were locked to prevent people surging up.
The ship’s band played ragtime tulles on the sloping deck,their last number being the hymn " Aummn " with its hopeful line,"Hold me up in high waters". As the ship tilted further, millionaire Benjamin Guggenheim and his valet went to their cabins and reappeared on deck in evening dress. Howard Case,a London oil executive,was last seen leaning against the top deck calmly lighting a cigarette. At 2:20 am the Titanic stood almost vertical in the water and then slid down,nose first,to bury itself in the soft Atlantic ooze 3 kilometers below. The emigrants who had been unable to find their way along the dark companion ways were carried down with the ship. Those on deck were washed into the freezing sea where their cries for assistance were largely ignored by those in the lifeboats. The most disgraceful fature of the appalling tragedy is that out of approximately 1,500 people in the water only,13 were picked up by 18 lightly laden boats.

The iceberg cut a ()along the plates of the ship’s hull.
参考答案:90-meter-slice
5.判断题

G:Hello,Professor Wang,Nice to see you back again. How was your trip to Edinburgh
W:It was fascinating. I didn’t even think about coming back. I paid a visit to the University of Edinburgh,and spent three whole days lecturing on Chinese folklore to a group of international students.
G: Well done! Well, how did you like the city
W: Very much indeed. It is a very attractive city. I spent one day in the city visiting those fantastic castles and museums. I never expected there to be so many places of interest in one city. And I was so lucky as to have bumped into a former student of mine. He is doing his Ph.D. at the Department of Applied Linguistics, Edinburgh University. He took me to the lake area the following day, where I saw elegant peaks, beautiful lakes and exotic rocks. It was very impressive.
G: It sounds inviting. I really envy you. I must take a trip to that area one of these days.
W: Are you kidding I can’t believe that as a native of England, you have never been to Edinburgh.
G: That’s nothing strange about it. In fact many foreigners have more opportunities to see Great Britain than many of the British who have lived here all their lives. Would you believe me that I have never been on board of a plane
W: That is hard to believe. I always thought that you British have more opportunities to travel. However, I’ll take your word for it.
G: Did you take a lot of photos there
W: Yes. I took a lot of pictures, some prints and some slides, too. It cost me a small fortune to have them developed and printed.
G: I believe it did. Everything is expensive in Britain. Well, may I have a look at your photos
W: By all means. Here is my album.
G: Thank you. Say, Professor Wang, you are quite artistic, I like the way you arrange your photos. My word! You have lots of good shots here. I especially like this one. The castle looks so gracious against the blue sky and the white clouds.
W: We spent almost a whole morning at the Castle Museum. It was charming. When I got on top of the hill, I had a bird’s-eye view of the city. It was incredibly beautiful.
G: You certainly had a good time in Edinburgh. And it’s so interesting for me to see things through a foreigner’s eye. I am also quite impressed that you are such a good photographer.
W: Thank you. This trip has really helped me to know more about England. By the way, have you got the time
G: It’s a quarter to ten.
W: Oh, dear! I’m afraid I’ve got to fly. I have an appointment at ten… (fade out)

Mr. Gross has never traveled by air before.
6.判断题

Rosie:Oh,Annie,you still here
Annie:Yeah,I am.
Rosie:But I thought you were going out tonight
Annie:I’m supposed to be,yes.
Rosie:Well,hasn’t Blain appeared
Annie:No,he’s not turned up yet.
Rosie:Well,when did he say he’d come
Annie:Three quarters of an hour ago.
Rosie:Ooh,it’s quarter to six,yeah!
Annie:I know. It’s not like him. is it
Rosie:No,it’s not. He’s the one who likes being early, isn’t he
Annie:Mm,exactly. That’s why I’m a bit worried really.
Rosie:Well,how do you mean
Annie:Well,he might’ve had an accident or something. Don’t you think
Rosie:Is there anywhere you can ring up
Annie:I’ve tried. I’ve tried phoning the office…he’s not there…they said he’s left.
Rosie:So…
Annie:I’ve tried phoning the flat…he’s not there. either.
Rosie:It looks as if he’s on his way then. Well,the traffic’s very heavy.
Annie:Mm.
Rosie:He’s probably been delayed.
Annie:Maybe. Maybe not.
Rosie:Well. what do you think
Annie: Well … you see, the thing is, we … you know how I’m always late, and how he hates it.
Rosie: Mm.
Annie: Well, we went to a concert the other night…, he and Helen and I. And … I was a bit late because I’d to wash my hair, and we got there fifteen minutes late…
Rosie: Oh, Annie!
Annie: … and he was absolutely furious. And he said that, you know, he wasn’t going to put up with it much longer. I mean, he really does get angry about it.
Rosie: And you think he might be showing you what it’s like
Annie: I don’t know. I mean, I hope that’s all it is, but he did say…
Rosie: I don’t think he’d be like that.
Annie: … if I did it again, he’d … oh, you don’t know.
Rosie: He’d be what
Annie: Well, he’d just have to think about calling it a day.
Rosie: Oh, Annie, he’s only just trying to make you pull your socks up, that’s what he’s trying to do!
Annie: Well, maybe he means it, Rosie.
Rosie: No, he likes you!
Annie: I don’t know.
Rosie: He’s a lovely fellow.
Annie: I know that.
Rosie: He wouldn’t do that. Something’s delayed him, that’s what happened!
Annie: I don’t know what to do. I mean, how much longer should I sit here
Rosie: Look, no more. I tell you what. We’ll go … we’ll go round the corner and have a coffee, round … round to the café…
Annie: Well, supposing he phones. Rosie
Rosie: No, well, you can leave … er … you can leave a little note in case he calls … er … Elsie’s still on the switchboard, if he rings in, you can leave a message with her, and if he calls in, he’l 1 see your note, and if we come back and find he hasn’t been here, or there’s no message…
Annie: But supposing he’s had an accident Supposing somebody phones from the hospital
Rosie: Well, let’s try this first.
Annie: Mm.
Rosie: We’ll try this first. If anyone gets in touch here, we’ll know.
Annie: Yeah, all right then.
Rosie: And we’ll have to take it from there if he hasn’t turned up, but you can’t go on sitting here chewing your nails.
Annie: No. All fight. Okay, thanks a lot. Do you mind
Rosie: No, not a bit. Here’s a bit of paper.
Annie: OK, thanks.
Rosie: Here you are. Shall I go and ask Elsie to take any message
Annie: I’ll do it on the way out. Don’t worry.
Rosie: All right then.
Annie: Thanks, Rosie, Thanks a lot.
Rosie: Come on, come on, let’s go and get a cup of coffee.
Annie: Okay. Thank you.

Annie is usually late.
7.单项选择题

It was long ago noticed that different plants open and close at different times of the day. In fact, in the nineteenth century they used to make gardens in the shape of a clock face, with different flowers opening at different times. It was possible to tell the time just by looking at this "flower clock". No one really understands why flowers open and close like this at particular times, but recently some interesting experiments have been done. Once, flowers were put in a laboratory in constant darkness. One might predict that these flowers, not having any information about the time of day, would not open as they usually do. But in fact they continue to open as if they were in a normal garden. This suggests that they have some mysterious way of keeping time; that they have, in other words, a kind of "biological clock".
It has recently been found that not just flowers, but all living things (including man)have "cycles of activity". Because these cycles last about twenty-four hours, they are called "circadian cycles" (circa = about, diem = day). Some scientists believe these cycles are controlled by an "internal clock". According to this theory, the flowers in the laboratory open because their "internal clock" tells them to do so.
There are other scientists, including the American Dr Brown, who believe that the biological clock is controlled by the environment. He studied the way oysters open and close their shells at high and low tide. He took some oysters from the sea to his laboratory a thousand miles away in Illinois. According to the "internal clock" theory one would expect the oysters to open and close as they had done before. But in fact their cycle changed. Brown and his colleagues could not understand this until they asked themselves the question: "If Illinois were on the sea, when would high and low tides take place" He found that the oysters were opening and closing at exactly these times. Brown concluded that the oysters’ cycle was controlled by changes in the atmosphere — changes that, in places where there is a sea, are associated with the tides.

What happened to the oysters which were taken from the sea to the laboratory().

A. They kept their cycles of activity.
B. They opened and closed their shells at exactly the same time as before.
C. They opened and closed their shells at different times.
D. They didn’t open their shells at all.

8.判断题

For me there has been only one Valentine’s Day worthy of the name. It vas when I was nine years old. And no Valentine’s Day since has even come close to measuring up.
Her image had never left my mind,and sometime at about Valentine’s Day last year,the idea got stuck in my head: I needed to find Lori Lee.
In 1972, for two years I have been in love with Lori Lee, an angelic creature who lives across the street. Our walk home from the bus stop each day is the highlight of my young life.
The situation is complicated. First, Lori’s older brother,Ted, happens to be my best friend. Second, I am grotesquely bashful in Lori’s presence. In the company of friends I am a sparkling wit. With Loft, I communicate chiefly in grunts. And although she is always sweet to me,Lori’s heart does not appear to pound to the same desperate rhythm as my own.
The whole thing comes to a head on Valentine’s Day. In class,children pass out cards and I get a generic "Be Mine!" from Lori and the other 26 pupils.
On the walk home from the bus stop that day, however, Lori says, "I have something for you." I go numb. She pulls an oversized red envelope from her school bag, presses it into my hand and takes off running.
I rush to my bedroom, carefully open the envelope and find the most beautiful handmade card of red poster paper, with a big white doily, shiny stars and all sorts of hearts. Inside, Lori has spelt out "I love you" in glue and covered the perfect cursive letters with glitter. After reading it 30 or 40 times, I hid the card under my socks.
Lori and I might be married now for all I know — if not for one extenuating factor: my elder brother, Mike, who was 11-year-old. Pawing through the drawer the evening, he stumbled upon the envelope. He foolishly showed Lori’s card to Ted and some other children in the neighborhood. The commotion that ensued mortified Lori and me, and pretty much crushed any major developments in this early love.
Then my father announced that we would be moving to Alaska. It seemed a rather severe place to be exiled from the summery smile of Lori Lee. I suggested that I stay behind and live in an orphanage. But in the end, there was little I could do.
At school, Miss Lochhart organized goodbye party. All I could do was stare at Lori — who, for the first time since Valentine’s Day, stared back at me with great, liquid eyes.
On the bus, Lori sat next to me and clasped my hand the entire way home. At my door, I searched for words to describe the terrific bursting in my chest.
"Well", I finally managed, "bye."
She kissed me on the cheek and darted across the street. Just like that, she was gone.

No other Valentine’s Day can be compared with the one when I was nine years old.
9.填空题

Only one ship has been proudly called "unsinkable" and on its maiden voyage it sank. At 2:20 in the morning of April 15, 1912 Titanic went down in the northwest Atlantic, taking with it 1513 of the 2, 224 people on board. It was a sea disaster without equal, not so much because of the appalling death toll, but because it seemed to pass a damning comment on the ability and aspirations of man. The British ship was the newest and most luxurious ship in the world, nearly 275 meters long, 11 decks high, and a marvel of technology and science. Yet a 10-second scrape against the submerged shelf of a drifting iceberg turned all this achievement into mockery.
When the White Star Line’s Titanic sailed from Southampton on April 10 bound for New York, its passenger list included many millionaires and members of British and American fashionable Society, all bent on enjoying a carefree week’s voyage on the latest miracle of the sea. Far below, on levels ignored by the first-class passengers and in conditions far less privileged, hundreds of emigrants were crossing the Atlantic to a new life in a new land.
The first days were uneventful, but on the fourth day the radio operator began receiving alarming messages from ships ahead. Icebergs were drifting unusually far south. Throughout Sunday April 14, in the gaps between the innumerable personal cables sent out by the first-class passengers, the messages continued to come in. The first was forgotten about for several hours. Two later messages never arrived at the bridge. By early evening the air temperature fell sharply but despite this indication that ice was in the vicinity the Titanic never changed its direction nor reduced its speed even slightly.
As night fell, Captain Edward Smith posted lookouts to watch for ice and at 11:40 pm the crow’s-nest lookout caught a glimpse of an iceberg ahead. The officer on the bridge ordered the Titanic to turn hard to starboard. It was too late — the ice cut a 90-metre-slice along the plates of the ship’s hull. Ironically, if the ship had continued on course and collided with the ice head-on it might well have emerged from the encounter scarcely damaged.
Most passengers, aware only of a faint jarring sensation, thought no more about it. But to the engineers anxiously examining the damage it was clear the ship was doomed. The "unsinkable" could keep afloat if four of its 16 watertight compartments were flooded but the iceberg had sliced the walls of five. Already third-class passengers had awoken to find the floor of their cabins awash. The radio operator sent out the new SOS call — the first time it had been used by a ship in distress — and at 12:05 the order was given to launch the lifeboats.
Unknown to the passengers the lifeboats held no more than 1,178 people, half the number of people on board — and even this was generous by the legal requirements of the day. At first there was no panic. Passengers simply refused to believe the ship could be in danger — after all, it was the "unsinkable". Only when it began to list alarmingly did they lose their complacency. Women and children were given priority and husbands and fathers said farewell to their weeping families. There were also shameful displays of selfishness by people who thought only of themselves. Number One lifeboat, with a capacity of 40, was lowered with only 12 people in it — Sir Costmo and Lady Duff Gordon, her secretary, two Americans, six stokers, and one of the ice lookout men. First-class passengers were looked after in preference to those of other classes.
Only four women from the first class died,three of them by choice because they preferred to remain with their husbands. But of the 272 women in second and third class only 96 survived—— and for a time the doors leading down to the third—class levels were locked to prevent people surging up.
The ship’s band played ragtime tulles on the sloping deck,their last number being the hymn " Aummn " with its hopeful line,"Hold me up in high waters". As the ship tilted further, millionaire Benjamin Guggenheim and his valet went to their cabins and reappeared on deck in evening dress. Howard Case,a London oil executive,was last seen leaning against the top deck calmly lighting a cigarette. At 2:20 am the Titanic stood almost vertical in the water and then slid down,nose first,to bury itself in the soft Atlantic ooze 3 kilometers below. The emigrants who had been unable to find their way along the dark companion ways were carried down with the ship. Those on deck were washed into the freezing sea where their cries for assistance were largely ignored by those in the lifeboats. The most disgraceful fature of the appalling tragedy is that out of approximately 1,500 people in the water only,13 were picked up by 18 lightly laden boats.

By early evening the air temperature fell sharply which is an () that ice was very close.
参考答案:indication
10.填空题

There’s no doubt that the computer has enlarged man’s working capacity as well as his intellectual capacity enormously. Er … but it brings with it dangers to match the benefits. Now by this, I mean danger to physical and mental well being of the people who work at computer terminals, not the dangers to personal privacy or national or industrial security.
There’s one very alarming set of statistics, which come from a survey done in the UK on 800 pregnant women, who happened to use computer terminals for a major part of their working day. In no less than 36% of the subjects there was some severe abnormality during the pregnancy, enough to make a termination necessary. Now these figures compare significantly with a control group of pregnant women of the same age but who did not work with computer terminals. The incidence of severe abnormalities in their case was only 16%. This survey confirms similar investigations carried out in Denmark, Canada, Australia and the USA. Now, no one yet has a clear idea about the exact connection between working with computer terminals and the problems with pregnancy, but the figures at least suggest that there’s, well, a cause for alarm.
In more general terms, increased stress and disturbances to vision have been noted in workers exposed for long periods to the video screen, and in many countries trade unions of workers involved with computers have laid down their own guidelines to protect members’ health. For instance, rest periods, or a change of activity from time to time are recommended, and the terminal should be placed so that there’s a source of natural light, and something else to look at, no blank walls behind the terminal, in other words, so that the operator has a chance to rest his eyes from time to time.
Ironically, it seems that it’s not only those who work with computers are at risk. Er … there’s perhaps more danger for people who use computers for interest or pleasure in their own homes. Now, it’s obviously not possible to impose in the privacy of people’s homes the sort of safeguards that can be applied in the working environment. Most people get so fascinated by what they are doing that they stay in front of the screen for hours on end; some are real fanatics!
But they’re also using their computers in environment, which are not specially designed. Er … they may be dusty or hot, and not particularly well — lit on the whole.
An English magazine for computer enthusiasts recently ran its own survey. The readers were invited. To send in an account of any health problems they felt were connected with the use of their computers. Interestingly, a long list emerged of complaints both serious and less serious, ranging from constipation because of the long hours spent in sedentary inactivity, and backache due to crouching over an inconveniently positioned keyboard, erm, right through to a general sense of fatigue owing to having puzzled over a problem for longer than was sensible.
The visual disturbances mentioned above were also very common. Some readers who already suffered from short sight found that the condition had worsened, and a rare complaint, but still one suffered by a significant number,was an itching of the face,which in some cases attracting dust from the atmosphere,which irritates exposed skin. And …this is an example of a complaint which is rare in the work situation because there is usually some form of air—conditioning,and quite simply not SO much dust and fluff in the air as in a normal home.
Precautions for both types of terminal users remain essentially the same:So,first of all, make sure that there’s an alternative source of light from that of the screen itself. Secondly,rest your eyes frequently,if possible looking at something in the distance to give them a change from the close focus used on the screen. Thirdly, make sure the screen is properly tuned; a shaky or fuzzy image can cause nausea or headaches. Fourthly, make sure your seat and working area are designed so that you’re sitting in a comfortable position,not er …screwed up or bent over. And finally, get up regularly and walk about the room. Better still,go out into the flesh air occasionally. Sitting still for hours on end is the best way to legs being particularly good for the digestion.
These are all common—sense precautions, but how many home—computer owners wrapped up in the intricacies of some programming problem, or fascinated by some game,are going to remember to use their common sense Does a generation of short—sighted, constipated, hunched, migraine sufferers with skin problems and circulatory troubles await us

The computer brings both the benefits and dangers. The speaker means danger
to () well-being of the people who are at computer terminals.

参考答案:physical and mental