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按照测试实施组织，可将测试划分为开发方测试、用户测试、第三方测试。下面关于开发方测试的描述正确的是（）。
①开发方测试通常也叫“验证测试”或“Alpha测试”
②开发方测试又称“Beta 测试”
③开发方测试可以从软件产品编码结束之后开始，或在模块（子系统）测试完成后开始，也可以在确认测试过程中产品达到一定的稳定和可靠程度之后再开始
④开发方测试主要是把软件产品有计划地免费分发到目标市场，让用户大量使用，并评价、检查软件

为了使软件测试更加高效，应遵循的原则包括（）。
①所有的软件测试都应追溯到用户需求、充分注意缺陷群集现象
②尽早地和不断地进行软件测试、回归测试
③为了证明程序的正确性，尽可能多的开发测试用例
④应由不同的测试人员对测试所发现的缺陷进行确认
⑤增量测试，由小到大

软件测试信息流的输入包括（）。
①软件配置（包括软件开发文档、目标执行程序、数据结构）
②开发工具（开发环境、数据库、中间件等）
③测试配置（包括测试计划、测试用例、测试驱动程序等）
④测试工具（为提高软件测试效率，使用测试工具为测试工作服务）

软件评审作为质量控制的一个重要手段，已经被业界广泛使用。评审分为内部评审和外部评审。关于内部评审的叙述，正确的包括（）。
①对软件的每个开发阶段都要进行内部评审
②评审人员由软件开发组、质量管理和配置管理人员组成，也可邀请用户参与
③评审人数根据实际情况确定，比如根据软件的规模等级和安全性等级等指标而定
④内部评审由用户单位主持，由信息系统建设单位组织，应成立评审委员会

关于软件质量，（）的叙述是正确的。
① 软件满足规定或潜在用户需求特性的总和
② 软件特性的总和，软件满足规定用户需求的能力
③ 是关于软件特性具备“能力”的体现
④ 软件质量包括“代码质量”、“外部质量”和“使用质量”三部分

计算以下控制流程图的环路复杂性V(G)，正确答案是（）。

对需求说明书评测的内容包括（）。
①系统定义的目标是否与用户的要求一致
②被开发项目的数据流与数据结构是否足够、确定
③与所有其它系统交互的重要接口是否都已经描述
④主要功能是否已包含在规定的软件范围之内，是否都已充分说明
⑤确认软件的内部接口与外部接口是否已明确定义

针对以下C语言程序段，假设sta[10]= -1，对于x的取值，需要（）个测试用例能够满足分类覆盖的要求。
int MathMine（int x）
｛
int m＝0；
int i；
for（i＝x-1：i<＝x＋1：i++）
｛
if（i＜0）continue；
if（i >31）break；
if（sta［i］＝＝-1）m++；
｝
return m；
｝

下面关于软件测试模型的描述中，不正确的包括（）。
①V模型的软件测试策略既包括低层测试又包括了高层测试，高层测试是为了源代码的正确性，低层测试是为了使整个系统满足用户的需求
②V模型存在一定的局限性，它仅仅把测试过程作为在需求分析、概要设计、详细设计及编码之后的一个阶段
③W模型可以说是V模型自然而然的发展。它强调：测试伴随着整个软件开发周期，而且测试的对象不仅仅是程序，需求、功能和设计同样要测试
④H模型中软件测试是一个独立的流程，贯穿产品整个生命周期，与其他流程并发地进行
⑤H模型中测试准备和测试实施紧密结合，有利于资源调配

People are indulging in an illusion whenever they find themselves explaining at a cocktail(鸡尾酒) party, say, that they are "in computers," or "in telecommunications," or "in electronic funds transfer". The implication is that they are part of the high-tech world. Just between us, they usually aren’t. The researchers who made fundamental breakthroughs in those areas are in a high-tech business. The rest of us are （） of their work. We use computers and other new technology components to develop our products or to organize our affairs. Because we go about this work in teams and projects and other tightly knit working groups(紧密联系在一起的工作小组), we are mostly in the human communication business. Our successes stem from good human interactions by all participants in the effort, and our failures stem from poor human interactions. The main reason we tend to focus on the （） rather than the human side of the work is not because it’s more （） , but because it’s easier to do. Getting the new disk drive installed is positively trivial compared to figuring out why Horace is in a blue funk(恐惧) or why Susan is dissatisfied with the company after only a few months. Human interactions are complicated and never very crisp(干脆的,干净利落的) and clean in their effects, but they matter more than any other aspect of the work. If you find yourself concentrating on the （） rather than the （）, you’re like the vaudeville character(杂耍人物) who loses his keys on a dark street and looks for them on the adjacent street because, as he explains, "The light is better there!".

设有学生实体Students（学号，姓名，性别，年龄，家庭住址，家庭成员，关系，联系电话），其中“家庭住址”记录了邮编、省、市、街道信息；“家庭成员，关系，联系电话”分别记录了学生亲属的姓名、与学生的关系以及联系电话。 学生实体Students中的“家庭住址”是一个（）属性；为使数据库模式设计更合理，对于关系模式Students（）。

设有学生实体Students（学号，姓名，性别，年龄，家庭住址，家庭成员，关系，联系电话），其中“家庭住址”记录了邮编、省、市、街道信息；“家庭成员，关系，联系电话”分别记录了学生亲属的姓名、与学生的关系以及联系电话。 学生实体Students中的“家庭住址”是一个（）属性；为使数据库模式设计更合理，对于关系模式Students（）。

People are indulging in an illusion whenever they find themselves explaining at a cocktail(鸡尾酒) party, say, that they are "in computers," or "in telecommunications," or "in electronic funds transfer". The implication is that they are part of the high-tech world. Just between us, they usually aren’t. The researchers who made fundamental breakthroughs in those areas are in a high-tech business. The rest of us are （） of their work. We use computers and other new technology components to develop our products or to organize our affairs. Because we go about this work in teams and projects and other tightly knit working groups(紧密联系在一起的工作小组), we are mostly in the human communication business. Our successes stem from good human interactions by all participants in the effort, and our failures stem from poor human interactions. The main reason we tend to focus on the （） rather than the human side of the work is not because it’s more （） , but because it’s easier to do. Getting the new disk drive installed is positively trivial compared to figuring out why Horace is in a blue funk(恐惧) or why Susan is dissatisfied with the company after only a few months. Human interactions are complicated and never very crisp(干脆的,干净利落的) and clean in their effects, but they matter more than any other aspect of the work. If you find yourself concentrating on the （） rather than the （）, you’re like the vaudeville character(杂耍人物) who loses his keys on a dark street and looks for them on the adjacent street because, as he explains, "The light is better there!".

People are indulging in an illusion whenever they find themselves explaining at a cocktail(鸡尾酒) party, say, that they are "in computers," or "in telecommunications," or "in electronic funds transfer". The implication is that they are part of the high-tech world. Just between us, they usually aren’t. The researchers who made fundamental breakthroughs in those areas are in a high-tech business. The rest of us are （） of their work. We use computers and other new technology components to develop our products or to organize our affairs. Because we go about this work in teams and projects and other tightly knit working groups(紧密联系在一起的工作小组), we are mostly in the human communication business. Our successes stem from good human interactions by all participants in the effort, and our failures stem from poor human interactions. The main reason we tend to focus on the （） rather than the human side of the work is not because it’s more （） , but because it’s easier to do. Getting the new disk drive installed is positively trivial compared to figuring out why Horace is in a blue funk(恐惧) or why Susan is dissatisfied with the company after only a few months. Human interactions are complicated and never very crisp(干脆的,干净利落的) and clean in their effects, but they matter more than any other aspect of the work. If you find yourself concentrating on the （） rather than the （）, you’re like the vaudeville character(杂耍人物) who loses his keys on a dark street and looks for them on the adjacent street because, as he explains, "The light is better there!".

People are indulging in an illusion whenever they find themselves explaining at a cocktail(鸡尾酒) party, say, that they are "in computers," or "in telecommunications," or "in electronic funds transfer". The implication is that they are part of the high-tech world. Just between us, they usually aren’t. The researchers who made fundamental breakthroughs in those areas are in a high-tech business. The rest of us are （） of their work. We use computers and other new technology components to develop our products or to organize our affairs. Because we go about this work in teams and projects and other tightly knit working groups(紧密联系在一起的工作小组), we are mostly in the human communication business. Our successes stem from good human interactions by all participants in the effort, and our failures stem from poor human interactions. The main reason we tend to focus on the （） rather than the human side of the work is not because it’s more （） , but because it’s easier to do. Getting the new disk drive installed is positively trivial compared to figuring out why Horace is in a blue funk(恐惧) or why Susan is dissatisfied with the company after only a few months. Human interactions are complicated and never very crisp(干脆的,干净利落的) and clean in their effects, but they matter more than any other aspect of the work. If you find yourself concentrating on the （） rather than the （）, you’re like the vaudeville character(杂耍人物) who loses his keys on a dark street and looks for them on the adjacent street because, as he explains, "The light is better there!".

People are indulging in an illusion whenever they find themselves explaining at a cocktail(鸡尾酒) party, say, that they are "in computers," or "in telecommunications," or "in electronic funds transfer". The implication is that they are part of the high-tech world. Just between us, they usually aren’t. The researchers who made fundamental breakthroughs in those areas are in a high-tech business. The rest of us are （） of their work. We use computers and other new technology components to develop our products or to organize our affairs. Because we go about this work in teams and projects and other tightly knit working groups(紧密联系在一起的工作小组), we are mostly in the human communication business. Our successes stem from good human interactions by all participants in the effort, and our failures stem from poor human interactions. The main reason we tend to focus on the （） rather than the human side of the work is not because it’s more （） , but because it’s easier to do. Getting the new disk drive installed is positively trivial compared to figuring out why Horace is in a blue funk(恐惧) or why Susan is dissatisfied with the company after only a few months. Human interactions are complicated and never very crisp(干脆的,干净利落的) and clean in their effects, but they matter more than any other aspect of the work. If you find yourself concentrating on the （） rather than the （）, you’re like the vaudeville character(杂耍人物) who loses his keys on a dark street and looks for them on the adjacent street because, as he explains, "The light is better there!".