问答题Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments
into Chinese.
In his autobiography, Darwin himself speaks
of his intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty. He points out that he
always experiences much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely,
but 1 he believes that this very
difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long
and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in
reasoning and in his own observations. He disclaimed the possession of any
great quickness of apprehension or wit, such as distinguished Huxley.
2 He asserted, also, that his power to follow
a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason
he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. His
memory, too, he described as extensive, but hazy. So poor in one sense was it
that be never could remember for more than a few days a single date or a line of
poetry. 3 On the other hand, he did
not accept the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good
observer, he had no power of reasoning. This, he thought, could not be true,
because the "Origin of Species" is one long argument from the beginning to the
end, and has convinced many able men. No one, he submits, could have written it
without possessing some power of reasoning. He was willing to assert that "I
have a fair share of invention, and of common sense or judgment, such as every
fairly successful lawyer or doctor must have, but not, I believe, in any higher
degree." 4 He adds humbly that
perhaps he was "superior to the common run of men in noticing things which
easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully."
Writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or
three respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years.
Up to the age of thirty or beyond it poetry of many kinds gave him great
pleasure. Formerly, too, pictures had given him considerable, and music very
great, delight. In 1881, however, he said: "Now for many years I cannot endure
to read a line of poetry. I have also almost lost my tastes for pictures and
music." 5 Darwin was convinced that
the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be
injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.
你可能感兴趣的试题
1.单项选择题Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase marked A, B, C or D
for each numbered blank.
The idea that some groups
of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that
dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1
to say it anyway. He is that 2
bird, a scientist who works independently
3 any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some
diseases not 4 thought to have a
bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it
was first suggested.
5
he, however, might tremble at the 6
of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is
publishing a paper which not only 7
that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains
the process that has brought this about. The group in
8 are a particular people originated from central Europe.
The process is natural selection.
This group generally do well
in IQ test, 9 12—15 points above the
10 value of 100, and have contributed
11 to the intellectual and cultural
life of the West, as the 12 of their
elites, including several world-renowned scientists,
13 They also suffer more often than most people from a
number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts,
14 , have previously been thought unrelated. The
former has been 15 to social effects,
such as a strong tradition of 16
education. The latter was seen as a (n) 17
of genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence
and diseases are intimately 18 His
argument is that the unusual history of these people has
19 them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted
in this 20 state of affairs.A. attaining
B. scoring
C. reaching
D. calculating
2.问答题Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments
into Chinese.
In his autobiography, Darwin himself speaks
of his intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty. He points out that he
always experiences much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely,
but 1 he believes that this very
difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long
and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in
reasoning and in his own observations. He disclaimed the possession of any
great quickness of apprehension or wit, such as distinguished Huxley.
2 He asserted, also, that his power to follow
a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason
he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. His
memory, too, he described as extensive, but hazy. So poor in one sense was it
that be never could remember for more than a few days a single date or a line of
poetry. 3 On the other hand, he did
not accept the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good
observer, he had no power of reasoning. This, he thought, could not be true,
because the "Origin of Species" is one long argument from the beginning to the
end, and has convinced many able men. No one, he submits, could have written it
without possessing some power of reasoning. He was willing to assert that "I
have a fair share of invention, and of common sense or judgment, such as every
fairly successful lawyer or doctor must have, but not, I believe, in any higher
degree." 4 He adds humbly that
perhaps he was "superior to the common run of men in noticing things which
easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully."
Writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or
three respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years.
Up to the age of thirty or beyond it poetry of many kinds gave him great
pleasure. Formerly, too, pictures had given him considerable, and music very
great, delight. In 1881, however, he said: "Now for many years I cannot endure
to read a line of poetry. I have also almost lost my tastes for pictures and
music." 5 Darwin was convinced that
the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be
injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character. 参考答案:他又自谦地说,或许自己“在注意到容易被忽略的事物,并对其加以仔细观察方面优于常人”。 3.单项选择题Read the following text. Answer the questions below the text by choosing A,
B, C or D.
In 1784, five years before he became
president of the United States, George Washington, 52, was nearly toothless. So
he hired a dentist to transplant nine teeth int0 his jaw—having extracted them
from the mouths of his slaves.
That’s a far different image
from the cherry-tree-chopping George most people remember from their history
books. But recently, many historians have begun to focus on the roles slavery
played in the lives of the founding generation. They have been spurred in part
by DNA evidence made available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas
Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings. And only
over the past 30 years have scholars examined history from the bottom up. Works
of several historians reveal the moral compromises made by the nation’s early
leaders and the fragile nature of the country’s infancy. More significantly,
they argue that many of the Founding Fathers knew slavery was wrong—and yet most
did little to fight it.
More than anything, the historians say,
the founders were hampered by the culture of their time. While Washington and
Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, they also understood that it
was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country they helped to
create.
For one thing, the South could not afford to part with
its slaves. Owning slaves was "like having a large bank account," says Wiencek,
author of An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves, and the Creation of
America. The southern states would not have signed the Constitution without
protections for the "peculiar institution," including a clause that counted a
slave as three fifths of a man for purposes of congressional
representation.
And the statesmen’s political lives depended on
slavery. The three-fifths formula handed Jefferson his narrow victory in the
presidential election of 1800 by inflating the votes of the southern states in
the Electoral College. Once in office, Jefferson extended slavery with the
Louisiana Purchase in 1803; the new land was carved into 13 states, including
three slave states.
Still, Jefferson freed Hemings’s
children—though not Hemings herself or his approximately 150 other slaves.
Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after
observing the bravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War,
overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their
freedom in his will. Only a decade earlier, such an act would have required
legislative approval in Virginia.Washington’s decision to free slaves originated from his ______.
A. moral considerations
B. military experience
C. financial conditions
D. political stand
4.问答题Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments
into Chinese.
In his autobiography, Darwin himself speaks
of his intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty. He points out that he
always experiences much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely,
but 1 he believes that this very
difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long
and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in
reasoning and in his own observations. He disclaimed the possession of any
great quickness of apprehension or wit, such as distinguished Huxley.
2 He asserted, also, that his power to follow
a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason
he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. His
memory, too, he described as extensive, but hazy. So poor in one sense was it
that be never could remember for more than a few days a single date or a line of
poetry. 3 On the other hand, he did
not accept the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good
observer, he had no power of reasoning. This, he thought, could not be true,
because the "Origin of Species" is one long argument from the beginning to the
end, and has convinced many able men. No one, he submits, could have written it
without possessing some power of reasoning. He was willing to assert that "I
have a fair share of invention, and of common sense or judgment, such as every
fairly successful lawyer or doctor must have, but not, I believe, in any higher
degree." 4 He adds humbly that
perhaps he was "superior to the common run of men in noticing things which
easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully."
Writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or
three respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years.
Up to the age of thirty or beyond it poetry of many kinds gave him great
pleasure. Formerly, too, pictures had given him considerable, and music very
great, delight. In 1881, however, he said: "Now for many years I cannot endure
to read a line of poetry. I have also almost lost my tastes for pictures and
music." 5 Darwin was convinced that
the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be
injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character. 参考答案:另一方面,某些人批评他虽然善于观察,却不具备推理能力,而他并不接受这种说法。 5.单项选择题Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase marked A, B, C or D
for each numbered blank.
The idea that some groups
of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that
dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1
to say it anyway. He is that 2
bird, a scientist who works independently
3 any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some
diseases not 4 thought to have a
bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it
was first suggested.
5
he, however, might tremble at the 6
of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is
publishing a paper which not only 7
that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains
the process that has brought this about. The group in
8 are a particular people originated from central Europe.
The process is natural selection.
This group generally do well
in IQ test, 9 12—15 points above the
10 value of 100, and have contributed
11 to the intellectual and cultural
life of the West, as the 12 of their
elites, including several world-renowned scientists,
13 They also suffer more often than most people from a
number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts,
14 , have previously been thought unrelated. The
former has been 15 to social effects,
such as a strong tradition of 16
education. The latter was seen as a (n) 17
of genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence
and diseases are intimately 18 His
argument is that the unusual history of these people has
19 them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted
in this 20 state of affairs.A. progress
B. fact
C. need
D. question
6.单项选择题Read the following text. Answer the questions below the text by choosing A,
B, C or D.
In 1784, five years before he became
president of the United States, George Washington, 52, was nearly toothless. So
he hired a dentist to transplant nine teeth int0 his jaw—having extracted them
from the mouths of his slaves.
That’s a far different image
from the cherry-tree-chopping George most people remember from their history
books. But recently, many historians have begun to focus on the roles slavery
played in the lives of the founding generation. They have been spurred in part
by DNA evidence made available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas
Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings. And only
over the past 30 years have scholars examined history from the bottom up. Works
of several historians reveal the moral compromises made by the nation’s early
leaders and the fragile nature of the country’s infancy. More significantly,
they argue that many of the Founding Fathers knew slavery was wrong—and yet most
did little to fight it.
More than anything, the historians say,
the founders were hampered by the culture of their time. While Washington and
Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, they also understood that it
was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country they helped to
create.
For one thing, the South could not afford to part with
its slaves. Owning slaves was "like having a large bank account," says Wiencek,
author of An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves, and the Creation of
America. The southern states would not have signed the Constitution without
protections for the "peculiar institution," including a clause that counted a
slave as three fifths of a man for purposes of congressional
representation.
And the statesmen’s political lives depended on
slavery. The three-fifths formula handed Jefferson his narrow victory in the
presidential election of 1800 by inflating the votes of the southern states in
the Electoral College. Once in office, Jefferson extended slavery with the
Louisiana Purchase in 1803; the new land was carved into 13 states, including
three slave states.
Still, Jefferson freed Hemings’s
children—though not Hemings herself or his approximately 150 other slaves.
Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after
observing the bravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War,
overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their
freedom in his will. Only a decade earlier, such an act would have required
legislative approval in Virginia.Which of the following is true according to the text
A. Some Founding Fathers benefit politically from slavery.
B. Slaves in the old days did not have the right to vote.
C. Slave owners usually had large savings accounts.
D. Slavery was regarded as a peculiar institution.
参考答案:Candidate A: Which of these famous people would you like to ... 参考答案:This picture depicts that a man is running towards the end o... 9.单项选择题Read the following text. Answer the questions below the text by choosing A,
B, C or D.
In 1784, five years before he became
president of the United States, George Washington, 52, was nearly toothless. So
he hired a dentist to transplant nine teeth int0 his jaw—having extracted them
from the mouths of his slaves.
That’s a far different image
from the cherry-tree-chopping George most people remember from their history
books. But recently, many historians have begun to focus on the roles slavery
played in the lives of the founding generation. They have been spurred in part
by DNA evidence made available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas
Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings. And only
over the past 30 years have scholars examined history from the bottom up. Works
of several historians reveal the moral compromises made by the nation’s early
leaders and the fragile nature of the country’s infancy. More significantly,
they argue that many of the Founding Fathers knew slavery was wrong—and yet most
did little to fight it.
More than anything, the historians say,
the founders were hampered by the culture of their time. While Washington and
Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, they also understood that it
was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country they helped to
create.
For one thing, the South could not afford to part with
its slaves. Owning slaves was "like having a large bank account," says Wiencek,
author of An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves, and the Creation of
America. The southern states would not have signed the Constitution without
protections for the "peculiar institution," including a clause that counted a
slave as three fifths of a man for purposes of congressional
representation.
And the statesmen’s political lives depended on
slavery. The three-fifths formula handed Jefferson his narrow victory in the
presidential election of 1800 by inflating the votes of the southern states in
the Electoral College. Once in office, Jefferson extended slavery with the
Louisiana Purchase in 1803; the new land was carved into 13 states, including
three slave states.
Still, Jefferson freed Hemings’s
children—though not Hemings herself or his approximately 150 other slaves.
Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after
observing the bravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War,
overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their
freedom in his will. Only a decade earlier, such an act would have required
legislative approval in Virginia.What do we learn about Thomas Jefferson
A. His political view changed his attitude towards slavery.
B. His status as a father made him free the child slaves.
C. His attitude towards slavery was complex.
D. His affair with a slave stained his prestige.
10.问答题Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments
into Chinese.
In his autobiography, Darwin himself speaks
of his intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty. He points out that he
always experiences much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely,
but 1 he believes that this very
difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long
and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in
reasoning and in his own observations. He disclaimed the possession of any
great quickness of apprehension or wit, such as distinguished Huxley.
2 He asserted, also, that his power to follow
a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason
he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. His
memory, too, he described as extensive, but hazy. So poor in one sense was it
that be never could remember for more than a few days a single date or a line of
poetry. 3 On the other hand, he did
not accept the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good
observer, he had no power of reasoning. This, he thought, could not be true,
because the "Origin of Species" is one long argument from the beginning to the
end, and has convinced many able men. No one, he submits, could have written it
without possessing some power of reasoning. He was willing to assert that "I
have a fair share of invention, and of common sense or judgment, such as every
fairly successful lawyer or doctor must have, but not, I believe, in any higher
degree." 4 He adds humbly that
perhaps he was "superior to the common run of men in noticing things which
easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully."
Writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or
three respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years.
Up to the age of thirty or beyond it poetry of many kinds gave him great
pleasure. Formerly, too, pictures had given him considerable, and music very
great, delight. In 1881, however, he said: "Now for many years I cannot endure
to read a line of poetry. I have also almost lost my tastes for pictures and
music." 5 Darwin was convinced that
the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be
injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character. 参考答案:他还坚持认为自己进行长时间纯抽象思维的能力十分有限,由此他也认定自己在数学方面根本不可能有大的作为。