问答题

巴恩斯医院
下面这一事件发生在天气凉爽的10月的某一天,地点在圣路易斯的巴恩斯医院。
黛安娜·波兰斯基给医院的院长维斯博士打来电话,需求立即做出一项新的人事安排。从黛安娜的急切声音中,戴维斯能感觉得到发生了什么事。他告诉她马上过来见他。大约5分钟后,波兰斯基走进了戴维斯的办公室,递给他一封辞职信。
“戴维斯博士,我再也干不下去了,”她开始申述:“我在产科当护士长已经四个月了,我简直干不下去了。我怎么能干得了这工作呢?我有两个上司,每个人都有不同的要求,都要求优先处理。要知道,我只是一凡人。我已经尽最大的努力适应这种工作,但看来这是不可能的。让我给举个例子吧。请相信我,这是一件平平常常的事,像这样的事情,每天都在发生。
“昨天早上7:45我来到办公室就发现桌上留了张纸条,是达纳·杰克逊(医院的主任护士)给我的。她告诉我,她上午10点钟需要一份床位利用情况报告,供她下午在向董事会作汇报作用。我知道,这样一份报告至少要花一个半小时才能写出来。30分钟以后,乔伊斯(黛安娜的直接主管,基层护士监督员)走进来问我为什么我的两位护士不在班上。我告诉她雷诺兹医生(外科主任)从我这要走了她们两位,说是急诊外科手术正缺人手,需要借用一下,我告诉她,我也反对过,但雷诺兹坚持说只能这么办。你猜,乔伊斯说什么?她叫我立即让这些护士回到产科部。她还说,一个小时以后,她会回来检查我是否把这事办好了!我跟你说,戴维斯博士,这种事情每天都发生好几次的,一家医院就只能这样运作吗?

波兰斯基可以利用哪些权力基础来使自己更好地处理冲突的要求?

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1.问答题

联想:从多元化到专业化
1984年柳传志等人响应体制改革的号召,靠中科院计算所20万元投资起家,成立了中国科学院计算所新技术发展公司(联想集团前身)。1986年联想汉卡诞生。经过不断开发、完善,联想形成了8个软件版本、6个型号的联想汉卡系统,广泛应用于6大领域。1989年新技术发展公司正式更名为北京联想计算机集团公司。1994年联想集团成立微机事业部。1998年联想第100万台电脑走下生产线。1999年第三季度,联想电脑以8.5%的市场占有率,荣登亚太市场PC市场销量榜首。
1.联想多元化历程
从2001年开始,联想开始向多个不同业务发展,希望从中找到新市场,从而打人全球.500强行列。它选择了与计算机相关的三个业务——互联网、IT业务和手机业务作为联想多元化的三个重点。
(1)互联网。互联网用户数目不断上升,电话费、上网费等电信资费的不断下调,让联想看好互联网的发展潜力,并做出以下的收购行动:
①2000年联想入股赢时通,取得其40%的股权。
②2000年联想与新东方合作,成立新东方教育在线。
③2001年联想与美国在线(AOL)合作,合资运营FM365网站。
(2)IT业务。中国市场的IT业务发展潜力非常惊人。联想自2002年开始发展IT业务,并做出以下投资:①2002年以5500万港元收购了汉普咨询公司51%的股权。②2002年以2333万收购智软计算机开发有限公司。③2002年以6000万收购中望系统服务有限公司。
(3)手机业务。2001年中国的手机普及率只有11.2%,比一般发达国家的30%远远落后,联想亦看中了手机业务的庞大发展空间。因此,联想于2002年投入9000万,与厦华电子股份有限公司合资建立了联想移动通信有限公司。
2.多元化进程的失败
(1)互联网业务。联想的互联网业务经营艰难。与赢时通的合作于一年后宣告失败,亏损超过2亿港元,与美国在线的合作亦因双方各自的内部问题,结果合资公司在两年内亏损离场。
(2)IT业务。汉普在2002年亏损约4000万~5000万元人民币。同样,另一新公司中望亦在2002年亏损了约2000万~3000万元人民币。不仅如此,实际上联想自2002年进军IT业后,该新业务范围内的经营一直亏损,2002年录得亏损了6140.5万元,2003年亦亏损了5800.9万元。而在2004年,仅上半年度便亏损了4040万元。
(3)手机业务。联想的手机业务经过2003年的亏损后,已于2004年中期转亏为盈。但在盈利的背后,联想其实是处身于一个竞争相当激烈的环境中,要在国内手机市场分一杯羹也属不容易。国内手机市场的领先者摩托罗拉及诺基亚这些国际知名的品牌亦只不过占市场不足15%的份额,可见竞争环境实在是相当严峻,联想能取得约3%的市场占有率,算是难能可贵。当然,目前联想的手机业务盈利还是太少,至于成功与否,还要看日后的发展。
3.重归PC:联想收购IBM 
检讨三年的计划后,杨元庆于2004年曾说:PC作为核心业务,其回报源源不断,是我们营业收入、利润和核心竞争力的源泉,如果没有这个源头,整个联想都会面l临很大风险,就更不用谈发展新业务、孵化种子业务了。从这句话可见联想领导班子重新确认了PC主业对联想的重要性。作为回归PC的重要一环,2004年12月8日,联想宣布以12.5亿美元收购IBM的PC业务。IBM的PC业务营业额在2003年达到120亿美元,收购后联想的PC业务将位列全球第三。联想此举,无疑也是想借IBM在国际化的地位,提升联想本身在国际的知名度。完成此次交易并购,海外市场便成为联想的总营业额的重要一员,由不足2%一跃至81%,成为名副其实的国际化的联想。IBM个人计算机业务的加入亦大大提升联想的总营业额不仅能达到600亿元人民币的目标,更有望有1100亿人民币的骄人成绩。
资料来源   《联想从多元化到专业化》

你认为决定联想采用多元化或专业化的背景是什么?
6.单项选择题

According to the majority of Americans,women are every bit as capable of being good political leaders as men.The same can be said of their ability to dominate the corporate boardroom.And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership,most Americans find women indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation,with many saying they're stronger than men in terms of being passionate and organized leaders.
So why,then,are women in short supply at the top of government and business in the United States?According to the public,at least,it's not that they lack toughness,management talent or proper skill sets.
It's also not all about work-life balance.Although economic research and previous survey findings have shown that career interruptions related to motherhood may make it harder for women to advance in their careers and compete for top executive jobs,relatively few adults in the recent survey point to this as a key barrier for women seeking leadership roles.Only about one-in-five say women's family responsibilities are a major reason why there aren’t more females in top leadership positions in business and politics.
Instead,topping the list of reasons,about four-in-ten Americans point to a double standard for women seeking to climb to the highest levels of either politics or business,where they have to do more than their male counterparts to prove themselves.Similar shares say the electorate (选民)and corporate America are just not ready to put more women in top leadership positions.
As a result,the public is divided about whether the imbalance in corporate America will change in the foreseeable future,even though women have made major advances in the workplace.While 53% believe men will continue to hold more top executive positions in business in the future,44% say it's only a matter of time before as many women are in top executive positions as men.Americans are less doubtful when it comes to politics:73% expect to see a female president in their lifetime.

What do most Americans expect to see soon on America’s political stage?()

A.A woman in the highest position of government.
B.More and more women actively engaged in politics.
C.A majority of women voting for a female president.
D.As many women in top government positions as men.

7.单项选择题

According to the majority of Americans,women are every bit as capable of being good political leaders as men.The same can be said of their ability to dominate the corporate boardroom.And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership,most Americans find women indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation,with many saying they're stronger than men in terms of being passionate and organized leaders.
So why,then,are women in short supply at the top of government and business in the United States?According to the public,at least,it's not that they lack toughness,management talent or proper skill sets.
It's also not all about work-life balance.Although economic research and previous survey findings have shown that career interruptions related to motherhood may make it harder for women to advance in their careers and compete for top executive jobs,relatively few adults in the recent survey point to this as a key barrier for women seeking leadership roles.Only about one-in-five say women's family responsibilities are a major reason why there aren’t more females in top leadership positions in business and politics.
Instead,topping the list of reasons,about four-in-ten Americans point to a double standard for women seeking to climb to the highest levels of either politics or business,where they have to do more than their male counterparts to prove themselves.Similar shares say the electorate (选民)and corporate America are just not ready to put more women in top leadership positions.
As a result,the public is divided about whether the imbalance in corporate America will change in the foreseeable future,even though women have made major advances in the workplace.While 53% believe men will continue to hold more top executive positions in business in the future,44% say it's only a matter of time before as many women are in top executive positions as men.Americans are less doubtful when it comes to politics:73% expect to see a female president in their lifetime.

What does the passage say about corporate America in the near future?()

A.More and more women will sit in the boardroom.
B.Gender imbalance in leadership is likely to change.
C.The public is undecided about whether women will make good leaders.
D.People have opposing opinions as to whether it will have more women leaders.

8.单项选择题

According to the majority of Americans,women are every bit as capable of being good political leaders as men.The same can be said of their ability to dominate the corporate boardroom.And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership,most Americans find women indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation,with many saying they're stronger than men in terms of being passionate and organized leaders.
So why,then,are women in short supply at the top of government and business in the United States?According to the public,at least,it's not that they lack toughness,management talent or proper skill sets.
It's also not all about work-life balance.Although economic research and previous survey findings have shown that career interruptions related to motherhood may make it harder for women to advance in their careers and compete for top executive jobs,relatively few adults in the recent survey point to this as a key barrier for women seeking leadership roles.Only about one-in-five say women's family responsibilities are a major reason why there aren’t more females in top leadership positions in business and politics.
Instead,topping the list of reasons,about four-in-ten Americans point to a double standard for women seeking to climb to the highest levels of either politics or business,where they have to do more than their male counterparts to prove themselves.Similar shares say the electorate (选民)and corporate America are just not ready to put more women in top leadership positions.
As a result,the public is divided about whether the imbalance in corporate America will change in the foreseeable future,even though women have made major advances in the workplace.While 53% believe men will continue to hold more top executive positions in business in the future,44% say it's only a matter of time before as many women are in top executive positions as men.Americans are less doubtful when it comes to politics:73% expect to see a female president in their lifetime.

What is the primary factor keeping women from taking top leadership positions according to the recent survey?()

A.Personality traits.
B.Gender bias.
C.Family responsibilities.
D.Lack of vacancies.

9.单项选择题

According to the majority of Americans,women are every bit as capable of being good political leaders as men.The same can be said of their ability to dominate the corporate boardroom.And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership,most Americans find women indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation,with many saying they're stronger than men in terms of being passionate and organized leaders.
So why,then,are women in short supply at the top of government and business in the United States?According to the public,at least,it's not that they lack toughness,management talent or proper skill sets.
It's also not all about work-life balance.Although economic research and previous survey findings have shown that career interruptions related to motherhood may make it harder for women to advance in their careers and compete for top executive jobs,relatively few adults in the recent survey point to this as a key barrier for women seeking leadership roles.Only about one-in-five say women's family responsibilities are a major reason why there aren’t more females in top leadership positions in business and politics.
Instead,topping the list of reasons,about four-in-ten Americans point to a double standard for women seeking to climb to the highest levels of either politics or business,where they have to do more than their male counterparts to prove themselves.Similar shares say the electorate (选民)and corporate America are just not ready to put more women in top leadership positions.
As a result,the public is divided about whether the imbalance in corporate America will change in the foreseeable future,even though women have made major advances in the workplace.While 53% believe men will continue to hold more top executive positions in business in the future,44% say it's only a matter of time before as many women are in top executive positions as men.Americans are less doubtful when it comes to politics:73% expect to see a female president in their lifetime.

What do we learn from previous survey findings about women seeking leadership roles?()

A.They have unconquerable difficulties on their way to success.
B.They are lacking in confidence when competing with men.
C.Their failures may have something to do with family duties.
D.Relatively few are hindered in their career advancement.

10.单项选择题

Guests arriving at the Aloft Hotel in Manhattan or one in Silicon Valley will soon be able to do something hotels have dreamed about offering for years: walk past the check-in desk and enter their rooms by using a smartphone as a room key. The boutique hotel brand from Starwood to Hotels & Resorts Worldwide Inc. plans to offer this feature at two hotels before the end of the quarter.
Starwood officials are hoping this will be one of the biggest technological changes in the industry since free Wi-Fi. “We believe this will become the new standard for how people will want to enter a hotel.” says Frits van Passchen, Starwood's CEO.
Not everyone is so sure. Past attempts to use technology to streamline the check-in process have had mixed results. Robert Habeeb, president of the First Hospitality Group, says he pulled out check-in desks at two of his Holiday Inn hotels after finding that most guests ignored them. He found that many travelers will talk with a staff member and ensure their room has the right view or location, or to try for an upgrade. Other guests may still want to be greeted when they arrive.
Hotels have never been known for being in the forefront of technology, partly because many hotels are owned and managed by small companies. Many hotel operators, though, have been searching for ways to remove the bottlenecks (瓶颈) at a hotel's front desk. “Everybody has to check in, but we are all doing it pretty much the same way we were 100 years ago,” says Christopher Nassetta, CEO for Hilton Worldwide holdings Inc. “It's something we are seriously addressing.”
Yet it is still not clear that virtual keys will do better than previous attempts to beat traditional check-ins. An effort several years ago to allow guests to enter rooms with the magnetic strip (磁条) on their credit cards never became popular. Guests worried about security and were unwilling to give their kids credit cards instead of room keys.

From the text we can see that the writer thinks the future of the new room key is().

A.secure
B.negative
C.bright
D.uncertain