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Passage 4

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1.Passage 6
The U.S. dollar was supposed to be at the end of its rope. Kicking the bucket. A dying symbol of a dying empire. Well, maybe not. The dollar continues to _1_ gloom-and-doom predictions. After a swoon (低迷）last year, the dollar is again enjoying a major _2_. The U.S. dollar index, which measures the dollar’s value against other major currencies, is just off an eight-month high. The main reason behind the dollar’s recovery is actually no real surprise at all. There is no _3_ able to replace the dollar as the world’s No.l currency. What makes currencies so fascinating is that their perceived value is always relative to other currencies. Sure, the U.S. budget deficit is _4_, the government’s debt is increasing, and Wall Street is still repairing itself. But the dollar remains the prettiest of a flock of ugly ducklings. Is any other major industrialized economy _5_ better off than the U.S.? Not really. Just about the _6_ developed world is suffering with the same problems. That’s why when investors get nervous, they still rush to the good old dollar. The dollar wins because no one else is really in the game. The euro has been exposed as a _7_. Only a few months ago, economists truly believed the euro could _8_ the dollar as the top reserve currency. Now experts are questioning if the euro has a future at all. The Greek debt crisis has _9_ that the euro is only as strong as its weakest link. Maybe over the next 20 or 30 years，the dollar will slowly lose the _10_ status it holds today. That process, however, could well be driven by the appearance of new rivals.

A.S.
B.S.
C.l
D.S.
E.S.?
F.
A)fraud
B)consistently
C)dominant
D)expanding
E)entire
F)incentive
G)rival
H)alleged
I)defy
J)particularly
K)alternative
L)relative
M)revealed
N)intriguing
O)rally
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2.Passage 4
It’s a good idea to apply sunscreen before heading to the beach if you don’t want to bum. But for marine animals like whales，they don’t have that _1_. Species like sperm whales can spend up to six hours at the ocean’s surface in between dives, _2_ in the sunlight. So how do they protect themselves from a serious case of sunburn? It turns out that their bodies have a similar defense _3_ against the sun’s UV radiation as people. Blue whales—which have the lightest skin color of the three species—tan during their summer stay before _4_ back to their northern feeding grounds. Sperm whales don’t tan. They can receive an “overdose” of UV radiation during their hours at the ocean’s surface, and they have proteins that _5_ protect their cells from UV damage. This process is _6_ to how human bodies produce antioxidants in response to molecules that can cause a lot of genetic and cellular damage. And fin whales escape sun damage thanks to their high levels of melanin—a dark substance in the skin to protect humans from UV radiation. Older whales and whales with less _7_ of melanin in their skin—like blue whales—had the greatest level of damage in their mtDNA. Fin whales, which had the greatest amount of melanin, had the least amount of mtDNA damage. Now that the ozone layer that shields Earth from UV radiation is gradually _8_, it’s important to know what the consequences are for whales and dolphins, especially for _9_ or endangered species. Although it’s difficult to tell what causes many of these skin conditions, UV damage is one cause. Even though whales have _10_ defenses to UV radiation, high exposure can still be harmful.
similar
B) diminishing
C) liability
D) migrating
E) mutual
F) mechanism
G) effectively
H) jerking
I) instantaneously
J) vulnerable
K) content
L) baking
M) inherent
N) perspective
O) option
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3.Passage 6
Rather than using custom machine tools to build early models of new parts, Ford is now using 3-D printing technology to design and test its engineers’ latest ideas. The new method allows product developers to have a _1_ in their hands in as little as a week after they create a new design-compared with having to wait three to four months _2_. “We’re building more and more parts every day using this _3_,”says Harold Sears,a technical expert in rapid manufacturing at Ford’s design facility in Dearborn, Mich. Ford’s new hybrid transmission was developed on a 3-D printer that costs about $300,000 and which can turn a pile of aluminum powder into a working prototype in a day or two. While low-cost 3-D printing by consumers and small businesses looks like a market now ready for takeoff, large businesses have already _4_ advanced versions of the technology. The result has been a _5_ improvement in the product-development process across a wide range of industries, including the _6_ of cars, consumer electronics, safety equipment and medical devices. The process has done more than just save time and money. Engineers say rapid prototyping using 3-D printing is producing more _7_, higher-quality products—from custom-fitted bicycle helmets to better-sounding ear buds and loudspeakers. Instead of waiting for tools and parts to come back from outside machine shops or injection, molding houses, product developers on tight _8_ now get more hands-on time to test their models. 3-D printers allow them to test and _9_ more versions of their prototypes—in some cases tripling the number of duplicates of a new product that can be _10_ before being produced on a large scale.
thereafter
C) process
D) elastic
E) deadlines
F) manufacturing
G) significant
H) innovative
I)ignited
J) embraced
K) lubricate
L) prototype
M) refined
N) update
O) mechanisms
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A)previously
B)

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4.Passage 4
Marie Curie was the first female professor at Sevres, a college for girls who wanted to teach higher education. These twenty-year-olds would _1_ become professors. Marie was not liked by her pupils during her first year as a professor. By her second year, the students loved her. One student reported that the courses taught by Marie were “the _2_ reference during the entire length of my career. She didn’t dazzle us, she _3_ us, attracted us, held us with her simplicity, her desire to be useful to us, the sense she had of both our ignorance and our _4_ She was the first to take her students into the laboratory to physically manipulate their newly-learned theories. She also taught by example, and invited the physics class to hear the _5_ of her dissertation (论文). Marie argued for the elimination of additional, difficult tests given only to the female students. She also _6_ the dean to provide calculus classes to the female students. Marie wanted the girls to have the tools to succeed in academia and fought tooth and nail to provide every _7_. This woman is known for her scientific discoveries and the progress _8_ from them. Of course her scientific discoveries are _9_ and usefull.It is also important to understand the kind of woman that she was.She was stubborn, and she hated to lose, but it was her goal to use science to help the world in whatever way possible. Her stubbornness led to persistence and _10_. These qualities promoted the use of her brilliance. The love and support of her family taught Marie to never question the possibilities that stood before her.

A.It
B.She
C.
A)

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5.Passage 4
Dieting advisor Dr. Robert Atkins recommends eating a diet high in protein for those who want to lose weight and keep it off. The hamburger patty is good, the hamburger bun bad, according to the _1_ of Atkins, who has turned his philosophies into a dieting revolution, starting with his first book, Dr.Atkins Diet Revolution, in 1972. Atkins，books _2_ top best-seller lists. Atkins companies have made millions of dollars in sales of specialty low-carb food products and carb-counting scales. But the popularity of Atkins’ eating advice, now appealing to another generation, is _3_ some food companies who rely on the consumer _4_ for carbohydrate-laden foods such as pastas and pizzas, cakes, cookies and cereals, to add weight to their own bottom lines. “Our industry has to do something, and soon. It is starting to become a _5_belief that carbohydrates are bad,” said Judi Adams, director of the Wheat Foods Council. Part of the society&39;s push will be in Washington, where federal health officials are starting talks on _6_ to the nation&39;s 11-year-old Food Guide Pyramid. Currently, the pyramid puts bread, cereals, rice and pasta as the _7_ for healthy eating. The strategy is a direct attack on Atkins: Americans who follow the Atkins diet _8_ their risk of health problems that include cardiovascular disease, high cholesterol, kidney damage and some cancers, the Wheat Foods Council says. According to Atkins, he is not looking to go to war with the food companies, and even Atkins diehards allow for an _9_ doughnut or cookie. “We teach people how to respect it and, on rare occasions, have it in _10_,” he said. “We know people can’t stay away from it forever.”

A.Atkins
B.”
A)

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6.Passage 4
The idea of using your dishwasher to cook a meal has been around since the ’80s. It’s been used to cook _1_ , mainly fish. The Times ran a recipe on dishwasher-cooked salmon back in 1986. The recipe said to _2_ the salmon in foil then run it through a full cycle without using any soap. That sounds like a fun dinner-party _3_ but not exactly a good way to _4_ your carbon Emission. What’s more, using water and electricity to run a load without _5_ cleaning sounds like a waste of time and money. But a recent survey suggested the technique could be making a _6_ It may have a little something to do with the change to the original cooking technique that could prove to be _7_ to a eco-friendly, convenience-focused generation in the kitchen. lisa Casali, an Italian author, wrote a book on dishwasher cooking that’s actually meant to save energy. The book, “Cucinare in lavastoviglie” suggests recipes for meals cooked in airtight _8_ during a regular dish cycle, with detergent, including one for cooking pasta with vegetables in the dishwasher. A little salmon in a jar cooked next to last night’s dirty dishes doesn’t sound all that _9_.Initially, you may feel _10_ by such an idea, but when you get past that stage, it does make sense for the busy parent or college student looking to save time. Will we see dishwasher-cooked fish on a restaurant menu anytime soon? Probably not, but sounds like it’s worth a try.Let us know if you’ve used your dishwasher to cook or if you，re willing to give it a try.

A.Initially,
B.Let
C.
A)

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7.Passage 5

A.”
B.
A)

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8.Passage 4
Many countries have a holiday to celebrate workers’rights on or around May 1, but Labour Day in Canada is celebrated on the first Monday of September. Canada&39;s Labour Day was _1_ celebrated in the spring but it was moved to the fall after 1894. The origins of Labour Day can be traced back to April 15, 1872, when the Toronto Trades Assembly organized Canada’s first significant _2_ for worker’s rights. The aim was to release the 24 leaders of the Toronto Typographical Union who were imprisoned for _3_ to campaign .for a nine-hour working day. At this time, trade unions were still illegal and what they did was seen as a criminal conspiracy to _4_ trade. In spite of this, the Toronto Trades Assembly was already a significant organization and encouraged workers to form. trade unions, _5_ in disputes between employers and employees and signaled the _6_ of workers. There was _7_ public support for the demonstration and the authorities could no longer deny the important role that the trade unions had to play in the _8_ Canadian democratic society. A few months later, a similar demonstration was organized in Ottawa and passed the house of Canada’s first prime minister, Sir John Macdonald. Later in the day, he appeared before the gathering and promised to _9_ all Canadian laws against trade unions. This happened in the same year and _10_ led to the founding of the Canadian Labour Congress In 1883. A similar holiday，Labor Day is held on the same day in the United States of America. Canadian trade unions are proud that this holiday was inspired by their efforts to improve workers’rights.

A.for
B.
A)

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9.After leaving school, Nigel decided to ____ in the army.

A.enroll
B.sign
C.register
D.enlist

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10.Of course, for years they ____ moving to the country, getting away from the stress of city life, but nothing ever came out of that talk.

A.talked
B.talked
C.talked
D.talked

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