单项选择题Why are the 1300 nm and 1550 nm regions of the fiber spectrum primarily used for optical communications?()

A. They are both regions of lowest loss.
B. They are both regions of low reflections.
C. They are both regions of low index of refraction.
D. They are both regions of low chromatic dispersion.
E. They are both regions of low Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD).


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1.多项选择题What three in combination are factors that can cause four-wave mixing in fiber-optic cables?()

A. low optical powe
B. high optical power
C. few optical channels
D. many optical channels
E. low chromatic dispersion
F. high chromatic dispersion
G. too much power differential in the optical channels


3.单项选择题

Click the Exhibit button. 
Which type of multiplexer is shown in the exhibit?()

A. Thin Film filter
B. Fiber Bragg Grating
C. Arrayed Wave Guide
D. Erbium fiber amplifier

4.多项选择题What are three factors that limit the maximum distance of an amplified optical signal without regeneration? ()

A. fiber dispersion
B. signal attenuation
C. transmitter power
D. amplifier bandwidth
E. receiver dispersion tolerance

6.单项选择题How is a Thin Film filter fabricated? ()

A. The glass core is doped with an Erbium in periodic segments of the fiber.
B. Layers of high index ?and low index ?material are deposited on a glass substrate.
C. Thin layers of silica glass are placed onto wafers to produce a prism-like effect.
D. Fiber is etched with an ultraviolet laser that is precisely spaced for specific wavelength filtering.

7.多项选择题

Click the Exhibit button. When designing a DWDM system with multiple amplified spans, a pre-amp is needed at Site B to ().


A. offset the OADM loss at site B
B. overcome the high multiplexer loss at site A
C. amplify signal levels after the high loss through Fiber Span 1
D. adjust add channels at site B to be at the same level as the passthrough channels
E. ensure that the per channel power is higher than the minimum needed for the post-amp at Site B


8.单项选择题

In the OSNR model for EDFA amplifiers, SNR OUT = 1/(1/SNR IN + FhvB/P IN ), 
what does SNR IN represent?()

A. the signal to noise of the current optical amplifier
B. the signal to noise of the previous amplifier or source
C. the signal to noise introduced by the optical multiplexer
D. the accumulated noise to signal ratio of the optical channel

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