It is a success in so far as more women retain their youthful appearance to a greater age than in the past.’Old ladies’are already becoming rare.In a few years，we may well believe，they will be extinctive.Ugliness is one of the symptoms of disease.In【M1】______so far as the campaign for more beauty is also a campaign for more health，it is admirable but genuinely successful.Beauty that is【M2】______merely the artificial shadow of these symptoms of health is intrinsically poorer quality than the genuine article.The apparatus【M3】______for mimicking the symptoms of health is now within the reach of every moderately prosperity person；the knowledge of the way in【M4】______which real health can be achieved is growing，and will in time，no doubt，universally acted upon.When that happy moment comes，【M5】______will every woman be beautiful—as beautiful，at any rate，as the natural shape of his features，with or without surgical and chemical【M6】______aid permits？The answer is obvious：No.For real beauty is as much an affair of the inner as the outer self.The beauty of a porcelain jar is【M7】______the matter of shape，of colour，of surface texture.The jar may be【M8】______empty or tenanted by spiders，full of honey or stinking slime—it makes no difference as to its beauty or ugliness.But a woman is【M9】______lively，and her beauty is therefore not skin deep.The surface of the【M10】______human vessel is affected by the nature of its spiritual contents.

Engaging in a hobby like reading a book，making a patchwork quilt or even playing computer games can delay the onset of dementia，a US study suggests.Watching TV but does not【M1】______count—and indeed spending significant periods of time in front of the box may speed up with memory loss，researchers found.【M2】______Nearly 200people aged 70to 89with mild memory problems were compared to a group who had no impairment.The researchers【M3】______from the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota asked the volunteers about their daily activities within the past year and how mental active【M4】______they had been between the age of 50to 65.Those who had during middle age busy reading，playing games or engaging in craft【M5】______hobbies like patchworking or knitting was found to have a 40%【M6】______reduced risk of memory impairment.In later life，those same activities reduced the risk by between 30and 50%.Those who watched TV for less than 7hours a day were also 50%more likely【M7】______to develop memory loss than those who spent longer than that staring at the screen.’This study is exciting because it demonstrates that age does【M8】______not need to be a passive process，’said study author and neuroscientist Dr Yonas Geda.’By simply engaging in cognitive exercise，you can protect against future memory loss.Of course，the challenge with this type of research is what we are relying on【M9】______past memories of the participants，therefore we need to conform【M10】______these findings with additional research.’

Issues concerning human learning are among the critical topics in educational psychology，child development，and cognitive science.One central focus has been on the issue of why students【M1】______learn and teachers teach best，and discovery learning versus direct instruction has been a contented debate in modern educational【M2】______theory and practice.Stemmed from the theoretical perspective of【M3】______constructivism，discovery learning is believed to be a tool for facilitating the creation and organization of knowledge，as well as the transfer of that knowledge across different contexts.This approach contrasts with views that emphasize direct instruction from teacher to student.This entry addresses the following central issues：how discovery learning is defined，the empirical evidence in favor of discovery learning or direct instruction，and the facilitation of discovery and transfer.Discovery learning is a general approach that involves minded participation and active inquiry in the acquisition of【M4】______concepts and strategies.In classroom contexts，it refers to a form.of curriculum which students are encouraged to actively explore【M5】______and figure out the concepts，solutions，or strategies at the hand.A【M6】______widely accepted idea is that discovery learning is the least【M7】______appropriate and effective approach to facilitate deep and lasting【M8】______understanding.This approach is often contrasted with direct instruction or expository learning，which typically refers traditional，【M9】______content-oriented methods that the instructor lectures to students.【M10】______Learning associated with direct instruction is often believed to be less engaged and less active，and thus less effective.