The claim for dead freight being a claim for damages for breach of contract，the Shipowner is under a duty，where the Charterer fails to load a full and complete cargo，（）the damage by obtaining other cargo，provided he acts reasonably in so doing.

Where goods are shipped under a bill of lading and the Charterer of the vessel is named as consignee，the Charterer，if he indorses the bill of lading to a third party，has no claim for substantial damages against the shipowners in respect of the loss of the goods for he has no （）interest in them.

Where payment of the hire is to be made in cash，the Charterer is not considered to have paid unless what the Shipowner receives is（）.

To render the（）liable，the shipowners must show that the proximate cause of the detention or expense was trading to a river with a bar or to a port with a bar.

The master’s authority to act in the interests of the cargo owner is part of his general authority as servant of the Shipowner，and therefore（）will be liable if the master abuses his powers.

The Shipowner must not stow goods on deck（）there is a trade usage to that effect or the Charterer has given his express or implied consent.

Where goods are stowed on deck without the shipper’s consent，the（）is alone responsible for its loss by jettison，because he has placed them in a dangerous position in violation of his undertaking to carry them safely.

The Master of a vessel may tender a Notice of Readiness to the charterer when the vessel （）.

Sometimes charter-party expressly prohibit the loading of dangerous goods，but sometimes a Charterer is entitled by an express term to load them provided that due notice is given （）.

The cargo must be loaded within the time stipulated by the charter-party，otherwise the Charterer will have to pay（）.