单项选择题

A 2.5 Gb/s (OC-48 or STM-16) optical signal with a dispersion tolerance of 1200 ps/nm goes through fiber with 18ps/nm*km of dispersion. 
How many 15216-DCU-350 equivalents are needed for enough compensation after traveling 100 km?()

A. none
B. one
C. two
D. three
E. four


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1.单项选择题

The ONS 15216 is a 32-channel system. The ONS 15216 OADMs are capable of adding and dropping one, two, or four channels.
 How are the OADMs provisioned to add and drop specific channels?()

A. The ONS 15216 OADM can be provisioned to add/drop one, two, or four channels via Cisco Transport Manager (CTM).
B. The ONS 15216 OADM consists only of a four-channel module, and the number of ports utilized determines whether it is a one, two, or four channel OADM.
C. Three separate OADM modules are available for one, two, and four channels. The wavelengths to be dropped and added are programmable via Cisco Transport Manager (CTM).
D. The ONS 15216 OADM consists only of a single-channel module. Two-channel and four-channel support is available by stacking the single-channel module.
E. The ONS 15216 OADM is available in one, two, four channels.  There are 32 single-channel OADM modules, 16 two-channel OADM modules, and 8 four-channel OADM modules.

2.多项选择题What are three relevant design considerations when using the 15216 EDFA?()

A. dispersion
B. Optical SNR
C. span attenuation
D. four wave mixing
E. receiver sensitivity

3.单项选择题If the power is 0 dBm, what is the power in mW?()

A. 0 mW
B. 1 mW
C. 10 mW
D. 1.5 mW

4.单项选择题What is an advantage of an externally modulated laser over a directly modulated laser? ()

A. lower cost
B. higher chirp
C. easier to manufacture
D. higher dispersion tolerance
E. higher optical signal-to-noise ratio

6.单项选择题Which device creates an OEO conversion? ()

A. amplifier
B. attenuator
C. regenerator
D. light emitter
E. optical switch
F. optical receiver
G. fiber-optic cable

7.单项选择题What is the difference between the transmitted power and the sensitivity of the receiver? ()

A. OSNR
B. dispersion
C. attenuation
D. power budget
E. amplifier spacing
F. four wave mixing

8.多项选择题Which three technologies are used to reduce chromatic dispersion accumulation in fiber-optic transmission systems?()

A. PIN photodiodes
B. zero-chirped lasers
C. Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers
D. dispersion compensating fiber
E. dispersion compensating Bragg grating

9.单项选择题Why are the 1300 nm and 1550 nm regions of the fiber spectrum primarily used for optical communications?()

A. They are both regions of lowest loss.
B. They are both regions of low reflections.
C. They are both regions of low index of refraction.
D. They are both regions of low chromatic dispersion.
E. They are both regions of low Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD).

10.多项选择题What three in combination are factors that can cause four-wave mixing in fiber-optic cables?()

A. low optical powe
B. high optical power
C. few optical channels
D. many optical channels
E. low chromatic dispersion
F. high chromatic dispersion
G. too much power differential in the optical channels


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In the OSNR model for EDFA amplifiers, SNR OUT = 1/(1/SNR IN + FhvB/P IN ), what does SNR IN represent?()

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Given the formula: (Fiber Attenuation * Km) + (Splice Attenuation * # of Splices) + (Connector Attenuation * # of Connectors) + (Optical Fiber or OADM) + Buffer(Fiber aging)) With regard to SONET/SDH optical calculations, what will the given formula provide?()

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